A base material for a membrane filter contains 90% by mass or more of aluminum oxide and 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of titanium oxide. In a pore distribution curve measured by a mercury porosimeter, the base material has a first peak and a second peak which is higher than the first peak and is located at a pore size larger than that of the first peak, and the volume of pores with a pore size of 7 μm or more is 0.02 cm.sup.3/g or more.

Ceramic slurries may include ceramic particles, a photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder, and a photoinitiator. The photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder may include a photoreactive organic resin component, a photoreactive siloxane component, and one or more photostable siloxane components. Methods of forming a ceramic part may include curing a portion of a ceramic slurry by exposing the portion of the ceramic slurry to light to form a green ceramic part, and partially firing the green ceramic part to form a brown ceramic part. The brown ceramic part may be sintered at or above a sintering temperature of the ceramic particles to form a ceramic part, wherein sintering includes heating the brown ceramic part to a sufficient temperature to promote reaction bonding that converts silica from the photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder into silicates that bond with the ceramic particles.

Ceramic slurries may include ceramic particles, a photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder, and a photoinitiator. The photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder may include a photoreactive organic resin component, a photoreactive siloxane component, and one or more photostable siloxane components. Methods of forming a ceramic part may include curing a portion of a ceramic slurry by exposing the portion of the ceramic slurry to light to form a green ceramic part, and partially firing the green ceramic part to form a brown ceramic part. The brown ceramic part may be sintered at or above a sintering temperature of the ceramic particles to form a ceramic part, wherein sintering includes heating the brown ceramic part to a sufficient temperature to promote reaction bonding that converts silica from the photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder into silicates that bond with the ceramic particles.

A process for manufacturing ceramic-metal composite material, comprises dissolving ceramic powder into water to obtain an aqueous solution of ceramic; mixing metal powder having a multimodal particle size where largest particle size is one fourth of the minimum dimension of a device, with the aqueous solution of ceramic to obtain a powder containing ceramic precipitated on the surface of metal particles; mixing the powder containing ceramic precipitated on the surface of the metal particles, with ceramic powder having a particle size below 50μ.Math.τ.Math., to obtain a powder mixture; adding saturated aqueous solution of ceramic to the powder mixture to obtain an aqueous composition containing ceramic and metal; compressing the aqueous composition to form a disc of ceramic-metal composite material containing ceramic and metal; and removing water from the ceramic-metal composite material; wherein ceramic content of the disc is 10 vol-% to 35 vol-%. Alternatively, ceramic-ceramic composite material may be manufactured.

A ceramic powder for a ceramic component, in particular based on zirconia and/or alumina, in particular for a timepiece or jewelry piece. The powder includes at least one noble metal among platinum, rhodium, osmium, palladium, ruthenium and iridium, at a quantity of less than or equal to 5% by weight.

A ceramic powder for a ceramic component, in particular based on zirconia and/or alumina, in particular for a timepiece or jewelry piece. The powder includes at least one noble metal among platinum, rhodium, osmium, palladium, ruthenium and iridium, at a quantity of less than or equal to 5% by weight.

Provided is a method for producing a wavelength conversion sintered body that emits light under irradiation of excitation light. The method for producing a wavelength conversion sintered body includes: preparing a molded body obtained by molding a mixture containing an α-SiAlON fluorescent material and aluminum oxide particles and having a content of Ga of 15 ppm by mass or less; and primary calcining the molded body at a temperature in a range of 1,370° C. or more and 1,600° C. or less to obtain a first sintered body.

According to one embodiment, a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus member is used inside a chamber of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. The member includes a composite structure. The composite structure includes a base material and a ceramic layer. The ceramic layer includes a first part located on a surface of the base material and is exposed. The composite structure includes a through-hole extending through the base material and the ceramic layer. The through-hole extends in a first direction. The through-hole includes a first hole region, a second hole region and a third hole region. The first hole region is continuous with a surface of the first part. The third hole region is positioned between the first hole region and the second hole region in the first direction. A hardness of the third hole region is greater than a hardness of the first hole region.

According to one embodiment, a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus member is used inside a chamber of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. The member includes a composite structure. The composite structure includes a base material and a ceramic layer. The ceramic layer includes a first part located on a surface of the base material and is exposed. The composite structure includes a through-hole extending through the base material and the ceramic layer. The through-hole extends in a first direction. The through-hole includes a first hole region, a second hole region and a third hole region. The first hole region is continuous with a surface of the first part. The third hole region is positioned between the first hole region and the second hole region in the first direction. A hardness of the third hole region is greater than a hardness of the first hole region.

A composite member includes an inorganic matrix part made from an inorganic substance and a dispersed component present in a dispersed state within the inorganic matrix part and having elasticity, wherein a material making up the dispersed component has a modulus of elasticity in tension of 100 Pa or more and 3.5 GPa or less. The composite member has a porosity of 20% or less in a section of the inorganic matrix part.