A manufacturing method of a dielectric ceramic composition includes attaching a reactive functional group to a surface of a base material powder particle of a perovskite structure.

A dielectric film includes a main component of a complex oxide represented by a general formula of (Sr.sub.1-xCa.sub.x).sub.yTiO.sub.3. 0.40≤x≤0.90 and 0.90≤y≤1.10 are satisfied. A ratio of a diffraction peak intensity on (1, 1, 2) plane of the complex oxide to a diffraction peak intensity on (0, 0, 4) plane of the complex oxide in an X-ray diffraction chart of the dielectric film is 3.00 or more. Instead, a ratio of an intensity of a diffraction peak appearing at a diffraction angle 2θ of 32° or more and 34° or less to an intensity of a diffraction peak appearing at a diffraction angle 2θ of 46° or more and 48° or less in an X-ray diffraction chart of the dielectric film obtained by an X-ray diffraction measurement with Cu-Kα ray as an X-ray source is 3.00 or more.

Provided is an improved multilayered ceramic capacitor and an electronic device comprising the multilayered ceramic capacitor. The multilayer ceramic capacitor comprises first conductive plates electrically connected to first external terminations and second conductive plates electrically connected to second external terminations. The first conductive plates and second conductive plates form a capacitive couple. A ceramic portion is between the first conductive plates and said second conductive plates wherein the ceramic portion comprises paraelectric ceramic dielectric. The multilayer ceramic capacitor has a rated DC voltage and a rated AC V.sub.PP wherein the rated AC V.sub.PP is higher than the rated DC voltage.

Provided is an improved multilayered ceramic capacitor and an electronic device comprising the multilayered ceramic capacitor. The multilayer ceramic capacitor comprises first conductive plates electrically connected to first external terminations and second conductive plates electrically connected to second external terminations. The first conductive plates and second conductive plates form a capacitive couple. A ceramic portion is between the first conductive plates and said second conductive plates wherein the ceramic portion comprises paraelectric ceramic dielectric. The multilayer ceramic capacitor has a rated DC voltage and a rated AC V.sub.PP wherein the rated AC V.sub.PP is higher than the rated DC voltage.

A dielectric ceramic composition includes main component grains having a perovskite structure represented by a formula AMO.sub.3. “A” includes Ba. “M” includes Ti. The dielectric ceramic composition includes a 4A subcomponent. The 4A subcomponent includes Fe and Mn. A molar ratio of Mn to a total of Fe and Mn in terms of a metal element is 0.18 to 0.65.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.

A batch composition containing pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles and pore-former spheroidal particles. The pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles have a particle size distribution wherein 10 μm≤DI.sub.50≤50 μm, and DIb≤2.0, and the pore-former spheroidal particles have a particle size distribution wherein 0.40 DI.sub.50≤DP.sub.50≤0.90 DI.sub.50, and DPb≤1.32, wherein DI.sub.50 is a median particle diameter of the distribution of pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles, DP.sub.50 is a median particle diameter of the pore-former particle size distribution, DIb is a breadth factor of the pre-reacted particle size distribution of the pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles, and DPb is a breadth factor of the pore-former particle size distribution. Also, green honeycomb bodies manufactured from the batch compositions, and methods of manufacturing a honeycomb body using the batch compositions, are provided.

A batch composition containing pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles and pore-former spheroidal particles. The pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles have a particle size distribution wherein 10 μm≤DI.sub.50≤50 μm, and DIb≤2.0, and the pore-former spheroidal particles have a particle size distribution wherein 0.40 DI.sub.50≤DP.sub.50≤0.90 DI.sub.50, and DPb≤1.32, wherein DI.sub.50 is a median particle diameter of the distribution of pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles, DP.sub.50 is a median particle diameter of the pore-former particle size distribution, DIb is a breadth factor of the pre-reacted particle size distribution of the pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles, and DPb is a breadth factor of the pore-former particle size distribution. Also, green honeycomb bodies manufactured from the batch compositions, and methods of manufacturing a honeycomb body using the batch compositions, are provided.

The invention relates to a batch composition for producing a refractory product, a method for producing a refractory product, a refractory product, and to the use of a synthetic raw material.