A solid electrolyte capable of securing grain boundary resistance even when sintering is performed at a relatively low temperature and a lithium ion battery using the solid electrolyte are provided. The solid electrolyte includes a first electrolyte which contains a lithium composite metal compound containing one kind of first metal element selected from group 13 elements in period 3 or higher, and a second electrolyte which contains Li and at least two kinds of second metal elements selected from group 5 elements in period 5 or higher or group 15 elements in period 5 or higher.

A lead-free insulating ceramic coating zinc oxide arrester valve and a method for manufacturing thereof are disclosed. In an embodiment a method includes preparing an initial powder from starting materials with the following mass percentages: ZnO: 86-95%; Bi2O3: 1.0-3.0%; Co3O4: 0.5-1.5%; Mn3O4: 0.2-1.0%; Sb2O3: 3.0-9.0 %; NiO: 0.2-1.0%; and SiO2: 1.0-3.0%, preparing a ceramic coating powder by mixing the initial powder, deionized water and first grinding balls, milling the mixture, and drying and pulverizing the mixture, preparing a ceramic coating slurry by mixing a PVA solution, the ceramic coating powder and second grinding balls and milling the mixture, applying the ceramic coating slurry to a green body, heating and debinding the ceramic coating slurry with the green body thereby forming a resistor element and sintering the resistor element thereby obtaining a zinc oxide surge arrester valve block having a lead-free insulating ceramic coating.

The durability of a ceramic sintered body is improved, and a reduction in its light emission intensity and the occurrence of a chromaticity variation are suppressed. The ceramic sintered body contains alumina and a compound represented by M1.sub.3-XM2.sub.XM3.sub.5O.sub.12. The volume percent of the compound in the ceramic sintered body is from 3% to 70% inclusive. The ratio of the intensity of XRD from a complex oxide of aluminum and M2 to the intensity of XRD from the compound in the ceramic sintered body is less than 0.05. The average grain diameter of the alumina contained in the ceramic sintered body is from 0.30 (m) to 3.00 (m) inclusive. M1 is at least one selected from Sc, Y, and lanthanoid elements, and M2 is at least one selected from lanthanoid elements except any lanthanoid element selected for M1. M3 is at least one of Al and Ga, and X is from 0.003 to 0.500 inclusive.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a ceramic article, the process comprising the steps of providing a printing sol, the printing sol comprising solvent, nano-sized particles, radiation curable monomer(s) and photoinitiator, the printing sol having a viscosity of less than 500 mPa*s at 23 C., processing the printing sol as construction material in an additive manufacturing process to obtain a 3-dim article being in a gel state, the 3-dim article having a Volume A, transferring the 3-dim article being in a gel state to a 3-dim article being in an aerogel state, heat treating the 3-dim article to obtain a sintered 3-dim ceramic article, the ceramic article having a Volume F, Volume A of the 3-dim article in a gel state being more than 500% of Volume F of the ceramic article in its sintered state. The invention also relates to a ceramic article obtainable according to such a process. The ceramic article can have the shape of a dental or orthodontic article.

A method for treating refractory ceramic products is described herein. The method includes providing a refractory ceramic product, comprising magnesia and at least one of the following salts: one or more alkali salts and one or more alkaline earth salts. The method also includes providing a water-based liquid, combining the refractory ceramic product with the liquid, and separating the refractory ceramic product and the liquid.

The invention provides a precursor composition for forming an amorphous metal oxide semiconductor layer, containing a metal salt, a primary amide, and a water-based solution. An amorphous metal oxide semiconductor layer is formed by use of the composition.

A ceramic coating process comprises introducing a suspension including a fine ceramic particulate suspended in a liquid carrier into a plasma torch. The method includes melting the fine ceramic particulate in the plasma torch; propelling the fine ceramic particulate toward a substrate; and forming a coating on the substrate, the coating comprises splats of the fine ceramic particulate.

A positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes secondary particles of a lithium transition metal complex oxide as a main component. The main component is represented by a formula: Li.sub.t(Ni.sub.1-xCo.sub.x).sub.1-yMn.sub.yB.sub.P.sub.S.sub.O.sub.2, where t, x, y, , , and satisfy inequalities of 0x1, 0.00y0.50, (1x).Math.(1y)y, 0.0000.020, 0.0000.030, 0.0000.030, and 1+3+3+2t1.30, and satisfy at least one of inequalities of 0.002, 0.006, and 0.004. The secondary particles exhibit a pore distribution, where a pore volume Vp(1) having a pore diameter of not less than 0.01 m and not more than 0.15 m satisfies an inequality of 0.035 cm.sup.3/gVp(1) and where a pore volume Vp(2) having a pore diameter of not less than 0.01 m and not more than 10 m satisfies an inequality of Vp(2)0.450 cm.sup.3/g.

A particulate material with a composition expressed by Ti.sub.2Al.sub.x (C.sub.(1-y)N.sub.y).sub.z (where x is more than 0.02, y is 0<y<1.0, and z is from 0.8 to 1.20), the particulate material comprising layers including gap layers providing an interlayer distance of from 0.59 nm to 0.70 nm within a crystal lattice; and/or with another composition expressed by Ti.sub.3Al.sub.x(C.sub.(1-y)N.sub.y).sub.z (where x is more than 0.02, y is 0<y<1.0, and z is from 1.80 to 2.60), the particulate material comprising layers including gap layers providing an interlayer distance of from 0.44 nm to 0.55 nm within a crystal lattice.

A ceramic according to the present invention includes, in mass %, BN: 20.0 to 55.0%, SiC: 5.0 to 40.0%, ZrO.sub.2 and/or Si.sub.3N.sub.4: 3.0 to 60.0%. The ceramic has a coefficient of thermal expansion at 50 to 500 C. of 1.010.sup.6 to 5.010.sup.6/ C., is excellent in low electrostatic properties (10.sup.6 to 10.sup.14 .Math.cm in volume resistivity) and free-machining properties, and is thus suitable to be used for, for example, a probe guiding member for guiding probes of a probe card, and a socket for package inspection.