A heat-resistant member according to the present invention includes a member to be protected and a metal oxide ceramic protective layer which is disposed on part of or all surfaces of the member to be protected and which has a porosity of 0 percent by volume or more and 5 percent by volume or less. This heat-resistant member is produced through the step of forming a protective layer by firing a member to be protected provided with a metal raw material in the air in a temperature range lower than the melting point of an oxide of the metal raw material to form a metal oxide ceramic protective layer having a porosity of 0 percent by volume or more and 5 percent by volume or less on part of or all surfaces of the member to be protected.

Coating systems are provided for positioning on a surface of a substrate, along with the resulting coated components and methods of their formation. The coating system may include a layer having a compound of the formula: A.sub.1bB.sub.bZ.sub.1dD.sub.dMO.sub.6 where: A is Al, Ga, In, Sc, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Fe, Cr, Co, Mn, Bi, or a mixture thereof; b is 0 to about 0.5; Z is Hf, Ti, or a mixture thereof; D is Zr, Ce, Ge, Si, or a mixture thereof; d is 0 to about 0.5; and M is Ta, Nb, or a mixture thereof.

Coating systems are provided for positioning on a surface of a substrate, along with the resulting coated components and methods of their formation. The coating system may include a layer having a compound of the formula: A.sub.1bB.sub.bZ.sub.1dD.sub.dMO.sub.6 where: A is Al, Ga, In, Sc, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Fe, Cr, Co, Mn, Bi, or a mixture thereof; b is 0 to about 0.5; Z is Hf, Ti, or a mixture thereof; D is Zr, Ce, Ge, Si, or a mixture thereof; d is 0 to about 0.5; and M is Ta, Nb, or a mixture thereof.

A composition is generally provided that includes a silicon-containing material (e.g., silicon metal and/or a silicide) and a boron-doped refractory compound, such as about 0.001% to about 85% by volume of the boron-doped refractory compound (e.g., about 1% to about 60% by volume). In one embodiment, a bond coating on a surface of a ceramic component is generally provided with the bond coating including such a composition, with the silicon-containing material is silicon metal.

A composition is generally provided that includes a silicon-containing material (e.g., silicon metal and/or a silicide) and a boron-doped refractory compound, such as about 0.001% to about 85% by volume of the boron-doped refractory compound (e.g., about 1% to about 60% by volume). In one embodiment, a bond coating on a surface of a ceramic component is generally provided with the bond coating including such a composition, with the silicon-containing material is silicon metal.

An external element made from a first material for a wearable object, the first material being an insulating ceramic, wherein a surface of the external element is at least partially treated to include at least one conversion with an electrical conductivity.

An example method for forming a high temperature coating includes depositing a carbon layer on to a surface of a composite article using chemical vapor deposition. The composite substrate includes a composite substrate including a carbon matrix. The surface of the composite article includes one or more surface voids. The method further includes applying a metal slurry to the surface of the composite article following the deposition of the carbon layer and reacting a metal of the metal slurry with carbon of the carbon layer to form an antioxidant layer of a metal carbide on the composite article.

A method for forming an oxidation protection system on a composite structure may comprise: applying a ceramic layer slurry to the composite structure, wherein the ceramic layer slurry comprises aluminum and silicon in a solvent or carrier fluid; and heating the composite structure in an environment comprising nitrogen gas and oxygen gas to form a ceramic layer on the composite structure, wherein the ceramic layer comprises aluminum nitride and alumina.

A method for forming an oxidation protection system on a composite structure may comprise: applying a ceramic layer slurry to the composite structure, wherein the ceramic layer slurry comprises aluminum and silicon in a solvent or carrier fluid; and heating the composite structure in an environment comprising nitrogen gas and oxygen gas to form a ceramic layer on the composite structure, wherein the ceramic layer comprises aluminum nitride and alumina.

Provided is a refractory member that is excellent in corrosion resistance and excellent in the adhesiveness of a carbide coating disposed on a surface of a graphite material base. The refractory member includes: a graphite material base; and a carbide layer disposed to coat at least a part of a surface of the graphite material base. In the refractory member, the graphite material base includes a graphite material phase and a pore, the carbide layer includes a composite region, and the composite region includes an alternating region in which a continuous graphite material phase of at least 50 ?m or more and a continuous carbide phase of at least 50 ?m or more alternately exist in a horizontal direction along an interface between the graphite material base and the carbide layer, as viewed in a cross section along the thickness direction of the carbide layer.