The present disclosure provides a composite heat-dissipation substrate and a method of manufacturing the same. The composite heat-dissipation substrate includes a first ceramic layer having insulating properties, a second porous ceramic layer and a metal layer, wherein the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer are continuously connected to each other so as not to form an interface therebetween, and the metal layer is infiltrated into plural pores of the second ceramic layer to be coupled to the ceramic layers, whereby interfacial coupling force between the ceramic layers and the metal layer is very high, thereby providing significantly improved heat dissipation characteristics.

An apparatus includes a ceramic matrix composite (CMC) component and an interface coating on the CMC component, wherein the interface coating includes a layer of at least one of the following compositions: 40-50 wt % Nb, 28-42 wt % Al, 4-15 wt % Cr, 1-2 wt % Si; 90-92 wt % Mo, 4-5 wt % Si, 4-5 wt % B; or 60-80 wt % V, 20-30 wt % Cr, 2-15 wt % Ti.

An apparatus includes a ceramic matrix composite (CMC) component and an interface coating on the CMC component, wherein the interface coating includes a layer of at least one of the following compositions: 40-50 wt % Nb, 28-42 wt % Al, 4-15 wt % Cr, 1-2 wt % Si; 90-92 wt % Mo, 4-5 wt % Si, 4-5 wt % B; or 60-80 wt % V, 20-30 wt % Cr, 2-15 wt % Ti.

An object is to provide a graphite-copper composite electrode material that is capable of reducing electrode wear to a practically usable level and to provide an electrical discharge machining electrode using the material. A graphite-copper composite electrode material includes a substrate comprising a graphite material and having pores, and copper impregnated in the pores of the substrate, the electrode material having an electrical resistivity of 2.5 m or less, preferably 1.5 m or less, more preferably 1.0 m or less. It is desirable that the substrate comprising the graphite material have an anisotropy ratio of 1.2 or less. It is desirable that an impregnation rate of the copper in the electrode material is 13% or greater. It is desirable that the substrate comprising the graphite material have a bulk density of from 1.40 Mg/m.sup.3 to 1.85 Mg/m.sup.3.

An object is to provide a graphite-copper composite electrode material that is capable of reducing electrode wear to a practically usable level and to provide an electrical discharge machining electrode using the material. A graphite-copper composite electrode material includes a substrate comprising a graphite material and having pores, and copper impregnated in the pores of the substrate, the electrode material having an electrical resistivity of 2.5 m or less, preferably 1.5 m or less, more preferably 1.0 m or less. It is desirable that the substrate comprising the graphite material have an anisotropy ratio of 1.2 or less. It is desirable that an impregnation rate of the copper in the electrode material is 13% or greater. It is desirable that the substrate comprising the graphite material have a bulk density of from 1.40 Mg/m.sup.3 to 1.85 Mg/m.sup.3.

A system includes a support and at least one metallization that defines at least a first layer and a second layer. The support defines a support surface on which the first layer is arranged between the support surface and the second layer, which is made of at least 90% by weight of a precious metal. The first layer is made of transition metals and/or metals and/or semi-metals and has an ultrasonic damping effect.

A system includes a support and at least one metallization that defines at least a first layer and a second layer. The support defines a support surface on which the first layer is arranged between the support surface and the second layer, which is made of at least 90% by weight of a precious metal. The first layer is made of transition metals and/or metals and/or semi-metals and has an ultrasonic damping effect.

A metal-ceramic composite containing a ceramic substrate comprising a front side and a rear side and containing silicon nitride, a metal coating on the front side of the ceramic substrate, wherein the metal coating has at least one recess, and a surface of the ceramic substrate is exposed by the recess, the ceramic substrate shows an Si2p signal in the range of 96 to 107 eV in an energy spectrum recorded by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (hereinafter also referred to as XPS spectrum), at least in the region of the recess, wherein the Si2p signal has the following: one or more peaks that each have a maximum in the range of 98.0 to 100.0 eV, one or more peaks that each have a maximum in the range of 101.0 to 102.2 eV, one or more peaks that each have a maximum in the range of 102.5 to 104.0 eV.

A metal-ceramic composite containing a ceramic substrate comprising a front side and a rear side and containing a silicon nitride, a metal coating present on the front side of the ceramic substrate, wherein the metal coating comprises at least one recess, and a surface of the ceramic substrate is exposed by the recess, wherein the surface of the ceramic substrate exposed by the recess has a stretched surface area ratio S.sub.dr in accordance with the standard ILNAS-EN ISO 25178-2:2022 of at least 7.0%, wherein S.sub.dr is determined by confocal microscopy.

A conductive substrate having high thermal conductivity includes a heat spreader, an insulating layer, and a conductive layer. The insulating layer is formed on a surface of the heat spreader, and the conductive layer is formed on the insulating layer. The heat spreader includes a porous carrier and a metal surface layer coated on an outside of the porous carrier. The porous carrier is made of a ceramic material and/or a hard carbon material. The metal surface layer is made of a highly thermally conductive metal material, and pores of the porous carrier are filled with the highly thermally conductive metal material.