Disclosed are coatings made of inorganic materials on molds for glass molding, particularly, a graded coating of element diffusion inhibition and adhesion resistance on molds for glass molding. The graded coating includes a Cr adhesion layer which is bonded with a substrate, a CrN intermediate layer and a Cr.sub.xW.sub.yN.sub.(1-x-y) surface layer, where 0.15<x<0.4, and 0.2≤y<0.45. The graded coating has excellent crack growth suppression and adhesion resistance.

A method for enhancing optical properties of sintered, zirconia ceramic bodies and zirconia ceramic dental restorations is provided. The porous or pre-sintered stage of a ceramic body is treated with two different yttrium-containing compositions and sintered, resulting in sintered ceramic bodies having enhanced optical properties. The enhanced optical properties may be substantially permanent, remaining for the useful life of the sintered ceramic body.

A method for enhancing optical properties of sintered, zirconia ceramic bodies and zirconia ceramic dental restorations is provided. The porous or pre-sintered stage of a ceramic body is treated with two different yttrium-containing compositions and sintered, resulting in sintered ceramic bodies having enhanced optical properties. The enhanced optical properties may be substantially permanent, remaining for the useful life of the sintered ceramic body.

A battery includes an anode, a cathode, and a porous separator having a surface and percolating pores providing a porosity of from 20% to 80%. A passively impact resistant composite electrolyte includes an electrolyte and electrically non-conducting particles that enable shear thickening. The particles can have a polydispersity index of no greater than 0.1, an average particle size in a range of from 50 nm to 1 um, and an absolute zeta potential of greater than ±40 mV. The shear thickening enabling particles can be from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % of the total weight of the separator and shear thickening particles. Between 20-40 wt. % of the shear thickening enabling particles are located in the pores of the separator.

A battery includes an anode, a cathode, and a porous separator having a surface and percolating pores providing a porosity of from 20% to 80%. A passively impact resistant composite electrolyte includes an electrolyte and electrically non-conducting particles that enable shear thickening. The particles can have a polydispersity index of no greater than 0.1, an average particle size in a range of from 50 nm to 1 um, and an absolute zeta potential of greater than ±40 mV. The shear thickening enabling particles can be from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % of the total weight of the separator and shear thickening particles. Between 20-40 wt. % of the shear thickening enabling particles are located in the pores of the separator.

A dip-coat binder solution comprises a metal dip-coat powder and a dip-coat binder. The dip-coat binder solution has a viscosity greater than or equal to 1 cP and less than or equal to 40 cP. The metal dip-coat powder may comprise a stainless steel alloy, a nickel alloy, a copper alloy, a copper-nickel alloy, a cobalt-chrome alloy, a titanium alloy, an aluminum alloy, a tungsten alloy, or a combination thereof. A method of forming a part includes providing a green body part comprising a plurality of layers of print powder, dipping the green body part in a dip-coat binder solution to form a dip-coated green body part, and heating the dip-coated green body part. After dipping, the dip-coated green body part has a surface roughness Ra less than or equal to 10 μm.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite component of a timepiece or of a jewelry part, the composite component comprising a porous ceramic part and a metallic material filling the pores of said ceramic part, said method comprising the steps of: providing a porous ceramic preform of the component, providing a metallic material, heating the metallic material to a temperature higher than the melting point of the metallic material, filling the pores of the ceramic preform with the molten metallic material, cooling the metallic material and the ceramic preform to obtain a solidified metallic material in the pores of the ceramic preform, and applying finishing treatments to obtain the composite component,

wherein said porous ceramic preform consists essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of Si.sub.3N.sub.4, SiO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof, and said metallic material is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, palladium metals and alloys of these metals.

The invention relates also to a composite component of a timepiece or of a jewelry part comprising a porous ceramic part and a metallic material filling the pores of said ceramic part, wherein said porous ceramic part consists essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of Si.sub.3N.sub.4, SO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof, and said metallic material which is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, palladium metals and alloys of these metals.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite component of a timepiece or of a jewelry part, the composite component comprising a porous ceramic part and a metallic material filling the pores of said ceramic part, said method comprising the steps of: providing a porous ceramic preform of the component, providing a metallic material, heating the metallic material to a temperature higher than the melting point of the metallic material, filling the pores of the ceramic preform with the molten metallic material, cooling the metallic material and the ceramic preform to obtain a solidified metallic material in the pores of the ceramic preform, and applying finishing treatments to obtain the composite component,

wherein said porous ceramic preform consists essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of Si.sub.3N.sub.4, SiO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof, and said metallic material is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, palladium metals and alloys of these metals.

The invention relates also to a composite component of a timepiece or of a jewelry part comprising a porous ceramic part and a metallic material filling the pores of said ceramic part, wherein said porous ceramic part consists essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of Si.sub.3N.sub.4, SO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof, and said metallic material which is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, palladium metals and alloys of these metals.

A shell and a method for processing the shell are provided. The method includes: coating a sol prepared in advance on an inner surface of a ceramic shell prepared in advance; sintering the ceramic shell coated with the sol by using a sintering process, and forming a transition layer having nano-sized micro-pores on the inner surface of the ceramic shell.

A shell and a method for processing the shell are provided. The method includes: coating a sol prepared in advance on an inner surface of a ceramic shell prepared in advance; sintering the ceramic shell coated with the sol by using a sintering process, and forming a transition layer having nano-sized micro-pores on the inner surface of the ceramic shell.