Multi-step milling processes to prepare cBN composite powder forms a first powder mixture by adding a binder and a first cBN component, mills the first powder mixture for a first time period, combines a second cBN component with the milled first powder mixture to form a second powder mixture, and mills the second powder mixture for a second time period (less than the first time period) to form the cBN composite powder. A ratio of the D50 value of the second cBN component to the D50 value of the first cBN component is at least 3.0. Two-step milling with different milling times for the two cBN component fractions controls the amount of mill debris in the cBN composite powder mixture. Further processing of the cBN composite powder under HPHT conditions forms a cBN-based ceramic with an average value of a cBN particle free diameter of less than 2.0 microns.

A composite sintered material includes a plurality of diamond grains, a plurality of cubic boron nitride grains, and a remainder of a binder phase, wherein the binder phase includes cobalt, a content of the cubic boron nitride grains in the composite sintered material is more than or equal to 3 volume % and less than or equal to 40 volume %, and an average length of line segments extending across continuous cubic boron nitride grains in appropriately specified straight lines extending through the composite sintered material is less than or equal to a length three times as large as an average grain size of the cubic boron nitride grains.

A process for the preparation of a membrane electrode assembly comprising providing, in the following layer order, (I) a green supporting electrode layer comprising a composite of a mixed metal oxide and Ni oxide; (IV) a green mixed metal oxide membrane layer; and (V) a green second electrode layer comprising a composite of a mixed metal oxide and Ni oxide; and sintering all three layers simultaneously.

An injection system comprises a fluid control member and a reciprocating member; wherein the fluid control member is configured to form a carbon composite-to-metal seal with the reciprocating member in response to application of a compressive force; the carbon composite comprising carbon and a binder containing one or more of the following: SiO.sub.2; Si; B; B.sub.2O.sub.3; a filler metal; or an alloy of the filler metal, and the filler metal comprising one or more of the following: aluminum; copper; titanium; nickel; tungsten; chromium; iron; manganese; zirconium; hafnium; vanadium; niobium; molybdenum; tin; bismuth; antimony; lead; cadmium; or selenium.

A precursor of an alumina sintered compact including aluminum, yttrium, and at least one metal selected from iron, zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper, niobium, antimony, tungsten, silver, and gallium. The aluminum content is 98.0% by mass or more as an oxide (Al.sub.2O.sub.3) in 100% by mass of the precursor of an alumina sintered compact; the yttrium content is 0.01 to 1.35 parts by mass as an oxide (Y.sub.2O.sub.3) based on 100 parts by mass of the content of the aluminum as an oxide; the total content of the metals selected from the foregoing group is 0.02 to 1.55 parts by mass as an oxide based on 100 parts by mass of the content of aluminum as an oxide; and the aluminum is contained as α-alumina. Also disclosed is an alumina sintered compact, and a method for producing an alumina sintered compact and for producing abrasive grains.

The invention relates to a method for producing iron-containing shaped catalyst bodies by means of 3D printing technology and to iron-containing shaped catalyst bodies that are obtainable by this method and to their use as catalysts in the ammonia synthesis or the Fischer-Tropsch reaction.

A method for producing a porous element is presented. A powdery metal-ceramic composite material is produced. The composite material has a metal matrix and a ceramic portion amounting to less than 25 percent by volume. The metal matrix is at least partially oxidized to obtain a metal oxide. The metal-ceramic composite material is grinded and mixed with powdery ceramic supporting particles to obtain a metal-ceramic/ceramic mixture. The metal-ceramic/ceramic mixture is shaped into the porous element. The porous element can be used as an energy storage medium in a battery.

A method of producing, from a continuous or discontinuous (e.g., chopped) carbon fiber, partially to fully converted metal carbide fibers. The method comprises reacting a carbon fiber material with at least one of a metal or metal oxide source material at a temperature greater than a melting temperature of the metal or metal oxide source material (e.g., where practical, at a temperature greater than the vaporization temperature of the metal or metal oxide source material). Additional methods, various forms of carbon fiber, metal carbide fibers, and articles including the metal carbide fibers are also disclosed.

Luminescent diamond is made by subjecting a volume of diamond grains to high-pressure/high-temperature conditions with or without a catalyst to cause the grains to undergo plastic deformation to produce nitrogen vacancy defects in the diamond grains, increasing the luminescent activity/intensity of the resulting diamond material. The consolidated diamond material may be further treated to further increase luminescent activity/intensity, which treatment may comprise reducing the consolidated diamond material to diamond particles, heat treatment in vacuum, and air heat treatment, which reducing process further increases luminescent activity/intensity. The resulting luminescent diamond particles display a level of luminescence intensity greater than that of conventional luminescent nanodiamond, and may be functionalized for use in biological applications.

A superabrasive compact and a method of making the superabrasive compact are disclosed. A superabrasive compact may include a diamond table and a substrate. The diamond table may be attached to the substrate. The substrate may have a metric of being defined as a ratio of carbon content over tungsten carbide content, wherein the metric ranges from about 6.13% to about 7.5%.