A NiHf- or NiTi-doped Co.sub.2Y-type ferrite, having a formula of

Ba.sub.n-xSr.sub.xCo.sub.2-yCu.sub.yNi.sub.zHf.sub.zFe.sub.(m-2z)O.sub.22

or

Ba.sub.n-xSr.sub.xCo.sub.2-yCu.sub.yNi.sub.zTi.sub.zFe.sub.(m-2z)O.sub.22

wherein 2?n?2.4. 0?x?1, 0.1?y?1, 0<z?2, and 10?m?13.

A composition is provided for forming a sodium-ion conducting electrolyte structure, comprising particles of a sodium-ion-conducting ceramic, combined with particles of at least one transition metal oxide, such as copper, titanium and niobium oxides, or iron oxide, or precursors for these oxides, so the metal oxides make up no more than 5% by weight of the weight of the particles. The sodium-ion-conducting ceramic may be of the types referred to as Nasicon, or ?-alumina. The metal oxides may constitute no more than 2% of the weight of the particles. The metal oxides act as a sintering aid, making it possible to achieve densification at a reduced sintering temperature, while having no significant detrimental effect on the electrical properties of the sintered ceramic. The invention also encompasses an electrode structure made by sintering this composition.

There is provided a refractory article for use in metal casting and a composition for manufacture thereof, comprising a particulate refractory material, an oxidisable fuel, an oxidant, a sensitizer; a binder, and from 0.5 to 5 wt % CaSO.sub.4.

Provided herein are nanofibers and processes of preparing nanofibers. In some instances, the nanofibers are metal and/or ceramic nanofibers. In some embodiments, the nanofibers are high quality, high performance nanofibers, highly coherent nanofibers, highly continuous nanofibers, or the like. In some embodiments, the nanofibers have increased coherence, increased length, few voids and/or defects, and/or other advantageous characteristics. In some instances, the nanofibers are produced by electrospinning a fluid stock having a high loading of nanofiber precursor in the fluid stock. In some instances, the fluid stock comprises well mixed and/or uniformly distributed precursor in the fluid stock. In some instances, the fluid stock is converted into a nanofiber comprising few voids, few defects, long or tunable length, and the like.

A complex proppant particle is made of a coal dust and binder composite that is pyrolyzed. Constituent portions of the composite react together causing the particles to increase in density and reduce in size during pyrolyzation, yielding a particle suitable for use as a proppant.

Brake disks with integrated heat sink are provided. Brake disk includes a fiber-reinforced composite material and an encapsulated heat sink material impregnated into the fiber-reinforced composite material. The encapsulated heat sink material comprises a heat sink material encapsulated within a silicon-containing encapsulation layer. Methods for manufacturing the brake disk with integrated heat sink and methods for producing the encapsulated heat sink material are also provided.

A polycrystalline ceramic solely formed based on alumina, on chromium oxide and on magnesium oxide, where the polycrystalline ceramic contains between 0.8% and 1.2% of chromium oxide by total weight of the polycrystalline ceramic and between 0.03% and 0.09% of magnesium oxide by total weight of the polycrystalline ceramic, making it possible to obtain a red ceramic with a toughness (K.sub.c) at least equal to 2.8 MPa.Math.m.sup.1/2.

A garnet-type ion-conducting oxide configured to inhibit lithium carbonate formation on the surface of crystal particles thereof, and a method for producing an oxide electrolyte sintered body using the garnet-type ion-conducting oxide. The garnet-type ion-conducting oxide represented by a general formula (Li.sub.x-3y-z, E.sub.y, H.sub.z)L.sub.?M.sub.62 O.sub.?(where E is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, Fe and Si; L is at least one kind of element selected from an alkaline-earth metal and a lanthanoid element: M is at least one kind of element selected from a transition element which be six-coordinated with oxygen and typical elements in groups 12 to 15 of the periodic table; 3?x?3y?z?; 0?y?0.22; C?z?2.8; 2.5???3.5; 1.5???2.5; and 11???13), wherein a half-width of a diffraction peak which has a highest intensity and which is observed at a diffraction angle (2?) in a range of from 29? to 32? as a result of X-ray diffraction measurement using CuK? radiation, is 0.164? or less.

A varistor composition free of Sb comprising: (a) ZnO; (b) BBiZnPr glass, or BBiZnLa glass, or a mixture thereof; (c) a cobalt compound, a chromium compound, a nickel compound, a manganese compound, or mixtures thereof; (d) SnO.sub.2; and (e) an aluminum compound, a silver compound, or a mixture thereof. By adjusting the ratio between the components, the varistor composition may be made into a multilayer varistor with inner electrodes having a low concentration of noble metals at a sintering temperature less than 1200 C. The multilayer varistor made from the varistor composition has good maximum surge current, good ESD withstand ability, and low fabrication cost.

The present invention relates to a colorant set which comprises a first colorant composed of a warm color solution, a second colorant composed of a cold color solution, and a third colorant composed of a light-transmitting solution, or the colorant set only comprises the first and second colorants, and the light-transmitting solution can be added directly into the first or second colorant. The warm color solution contains 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % of water-soluble iron salt and water; the cold color solution contains 0.01 wt % to 2 wt % of water-soluble cobalt salt and water; the light-transmitting solution contains 10 wt % to 50 wt % of water-soluble yttrium or lanthanum salt and water. Accordingly, during a three-dimensional lamination molding process, the light transmittance is adjusted while spraying and coloring are performed on each layer, thereby obtaining a ceramic denture with quite natural color and light transmittance.