A method to form a machinable ceramic matrix composite comprises forming a porous ceramic multilayer on a surface of a fiber preform. In one example, the porous ceramic multilayer comprises a gradient in porosity in a direction normal to the surface. In another example, the porous ceramic multilayer includes low-wettability particles having a high contact angle with molten silicon, where an amount of the low-wettability particles in the porous ceramic multilayer varies in a direction normal to the surface. After forming the porous ceramic multilayer, the fiber preform is infiltrated with a melt, and the melt is cooled to form a ceramic matrix composite with a surface coating thereon. An outer portion of the surface coating is more readily machinable than an inner portion of the surface coating. The outer portion of the surface coating is machined to form a ceramic matrix composite having a machined surface with a predetermined surface finish and/or dimensional tolerance.

An electrolyte sheet for solid oxide fuel cells includes a ceramic plate body containing a cubic zirconia sintered material, wherein, with the ceramic plate body being defined to have nine portions including an outer peripheral portion and a central portion, ceramic grains in each of the nine portions have a median size D.sub.50 of 1.0 μm to 4.0 μm, and a maximum median size D.sub.50 of the ceramic grains among the nine portions is 1.0 to 1.3 times a minimum median size D.sub.50 of the ceramic grains among the nine portions.

A method for producing a layer of a device for electromagnetic radiation absorption, includes: providing a ply of powder material in the layer to be produced of the device; providing a predefined concentration distribution of particles for electromagnetic radiation absorption in the layer; providing a first binder and a second binder for the powder materials, wherein the first binder includes particles for the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, wherein the second binder includes a lower concentration of identical and/or different particles than the first binder; determining a mixing ratio between the first binder and the second binder for every position in the layer; selecting a position of the layer; mixing the first and second binder according to the mixing ratio for the selected position; wetting the powder material at the selected position using the mixed first and second binders; and repeating selecting, mixing, and wetting to produce the layer.

A method for forming a ceramic according to one embodiment includes electrophoretically depositing a plurality of layers of particles of a non-cubic material. The particles of the deposited non-cubic material are oriented in a common direction.

A heat-resistant container according to the present disclosure includes a first wall portion constituting a sidewall and a second wall portion constituting an upper wall or bottom wall. The first wall portion and the second wall portion are made of a ceramic. The first wall portion has a large number of pores therein. In cross sections of the first wall portion, a porosity Pr1 is smaller than a porosity Pr2, where Pr1 is a porosity in a cross section of the first wall portion orthogonal to a wall surface of the first wall portion and parallel to a height direction of the first wall portion, and Pr2 is a porosity in a cross section of the first wall portion orthogonal to the wall surface of the first wall portion and parallel to a width direction of the first wall portion.

The present invention relates to a green body, a pre-ceramic body and a ceramic body based on metal oxide particles, in particular zirconium oxide. The present invention also relates to the method of producing said materials and to the use thereof, in particular in the field of dentistry.

A sintered ceramic body having at least one surface, the sintered ceramic body having a first crystalline phase comprising Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and from 8 vol. % to 20 vol. % of a second crystalline phase comprising ZrO.sub.2, wherein the first crystalline phase is a continuous matrix and the second crystalline phase is dispersed in the continuous matrix, wherein the sintered ceramic body has pores wherein the pores have a maximum pore size of from 0.1 to 5 μm as measured by SEM, wherein sintered ceramic body exhibits a coefficient of thermal expansion of from 6.899 to 9.630×10.sup.6/° C. across a temperature range of from 25-200° C. to 25-1400° C. as measured in accordance with ASTM E228-17, wherein the sintered ceramic body has a relative density of from 99% to 100% and has a density variation of from 0.2 to less than 5% across a greatest dimension.

A biological tissue collection method includes: preparing a component, the component including a first surface, a second surface, multiple (n≥2) holes for passing air from the first surface toward the second surface, and a wall formed between the holes, and an end portion of the wall on a first surface side being rounded and formed as a curved surface; sucking a biological tissue with a dimension of equal to or greater than 0.5 mm and equal to or less than 100 mm in a maximum direction in contact with the holes on the first surface side, thereby collecting the biological tissue by means of the holes; and taking equal to or greater than 50% and equal to or less than 90% of an area of the biological tissue as a total area of the holes used for collection.

The disclosure relates to methods of fabricating of ceramic structures, and more particularly to methods of fabricating ceramic structures having profiled surfaces and more particularly to methods of fabrication of ceramic mirror blanks. In one embodiment, a method of forming a shaped ceramic article, includes: forming, via one of a cold-pressing process or pressure casting process, a green ceramic article comprising a first surface, an opposing second surface and at least one high aspect ratio feature shaped into at least one surface; heating the green featured ceramic part to form a debound featured ceramic part; and densifying the debound featured ceramic part via one of a pressureless sintering process or a hot-pressing process.

A method and apparatus for forming variable density ceramic structures, where the method includes: obtaining a ceramic powder having an ultrafine particle size; mixing the ceramic powder into a suspension fluid thus forming a ceramic suspension; providing a mold configured to retain the ceramic suspension; providing a plurality of electrodes about the mold; applying an alternating voltage to the electrodes thus forming alternating electric currents through the suspension thus causing accumulation of ceramic particles on at least one of the electrodes; reducing the temperature of the suspension thus inducing the formation of ice crystals therein necessary for ice-templating; freeze drying the frozen suspension into a porous state; and sintering the ceramic particles into a solid architecture retaining a common final structure with the ceramic particles in the porous state.