A grain-oriented M-type hexagonal ferrite has the formula MeFe.sub.12O.sub.19, and a dopant effective to provide planar magnetic anisotropy and magnetization in a c-plane, or a cone anisotropy, in the hexagonal crystallographic structure wherein Me is Sr.sup.+, Ba.sup.2+ or Pb.sup.2+, and wherein greater than 30%, preferably greater than 80%, of c-axes of the ferrite grains are aligned perpendicular to the c-plane.

There is provided a platy Mg-containing zinc oxide sintered compact containing 1 to 10 wt % Mg as a first dopant element and 0.005 wt % or more at least one second dopant element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga and In, the balance consisting essentially of ZnO and optionally at least one third dopant element selected from the group consisting of Br, Cl, F, Sn, Y, Pr, Ge, B, Sc, Si, Ti, Zr, Hf, Mn, Ta, W, Cu, Ni, Cr, La, Gd, Bi, Ce, Sr and Ba, wherein the (002)-plane or (100)-plane orientation in the plate surface is 60% or more. The Mg-containing zinc oxide sintered compact of the present invention has excellent properties such as high orientation despite solid dissolution of Mg.

A proton conductor is a proton conductor represented by a composition formula of BaZr.sub.1xyY.sub.xIn.sub.yO.sub.3, and x and y in the composition formula satisfy 0<y0.013 and 0<x+y<0.5. A small amount of In is added to the composition in a predetermined range, whereby a resistance of the crystal grain boundary of the proton conductor can be decreased so as to compensate for or even exceed the increase in resistance in the crystal gains of the proton conductor caused by the addition of In, and as a result, the entire resistance can be decreased.

A fluorescent member includes: a plurality of fluorescent particles; an inorganic binder; and a plurality of pores. An upper surface of the fluorescent member is a light extraction surface of the fluorescent member. The plurality of pores are localized in a vicinity of at least one of the plurality of fluorescent particles in a cross section that is parallel to the upper surface of the fluorescent member and extends through the fluorescent particles and the pores.

Provided are a ceramic complex capable of improving the luminous efficiency, a projector comprising a ceramic complex, and a method for producing a ceramic complex. Proposed is a ceramic complex including a rare earth aluminate fluorescent material having an average particle diameter in a range of 15 m or more and 40 m or less, aluminum oxide having a purity of aluminum oxide of 99.0% by mass or more, and voids, wherein the content of the rare earth aluminate fluorescent material is in a range of 15% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less relative to a total amount of the rare earth aluminate fluorescent material and the aluminum oxide, and a void fraction is in a range of 1% or more and 10% or less.

An oriented alumina substrate for epitaxial growth according to an embodiment of the present invention includes crystalline grains constituting a surface thereof, the crystalline grains having a tilt angle of 1 or more and 3 or less and an average sintered grain size of 20 m or more.

An oriented alumina substrate for epitaxial growth according to an embodiment of the present invention includes crystalline grains constituting a surface thereof, the crystalline grains having a tilt angle of 0.1 or more and less than 1.0 and an average sintered grain size of 10 m or more.

Disclosed herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also disclosed herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Also disclosed herein are methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also disclosed herein are methods for preparing dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also disclosed herein are sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof.

The object of the present invention is to provide the dielectric composition having good specific permittivity, high DC breakdown voltage and AC breakdown voltage, small dielectric loss and heat generating property, and good temperature property even though lead is not substantially used. A dielectric composition of the first aspect includes a, Ca, Bi, Ti, and Sr, wherein the dielectric composition includes two phases having different Sr characteristic X ray intensities when a characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr is measured by EPMA, and when Sr1 represents the characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr of a first phase measured by EPMA and Sr2 represents the characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr of a second phase measured by EPMA, a ratio (Sr2/Sr1) of Sr2 with respect to Sr1 satisfies 2 or larger. A dielectric composition of the second aspect includes Ba, Ca, Bi, Ti, and Sr, wherein the dielectric composition includes three phases having different Sr characteristic X ray intensities when a characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr is measured by EPMA, and when Sr1 represents the characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr of a first phase measured by EPMA, Sr2 represents the characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr of a second phase measured by EPMA, and Sr3 represents the characteristic X ray intensity derived from Sr of a third phase measured by EPMA, an intensity ratio (Sr1/Sr3) of Sr1 with respect to Sr3 is 0.6 or less and an intensity ratio (Sr2/Sr3) of Sr2 with respect to Sr3 is 1.4 or more.

Disclosed herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also disclosed herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Also disclosed herein are methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also disclosed herein are methods for preparing dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also disclosed herein are sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof.