The invention is directed to hollow zeolite encapsulated metal particle catalysts where the metal particle is contained in the hollow of the zeolite, their preparation method by depositing metal particle precursors and subsequent removal of said metal particle precursors from the surface of the hollow zeolite while retaining those in the cavity of the hollow zeolite, and the catalysts' use in selective benzene alkylation.

The invention is directed to hollow zeolite encapsulated metal particle catalysts where the metal particle is contained in the hollow of the zeolite, their preparation method by depositing metal particle precursors and subsequent removal of said metal particle precursors from the surface of the hollow zeolite while retaining those in the cavity of the hollow zeolite, and the catalysts' use in selective benzene alkylation.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing a mono-alkylated aromatic compound using a treated catalyst made by a method of this invention is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of heating an untreated catalyst in the presence of a gaseous stream having a dew point temperature less than about 5 C. to form a treated catalyst. The treatment is effective to improve the activity and selectivity of the catalyst.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing a mono-alkylated aromatic compound using a treated catalyst made by a method of this invention is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of heating an untreated catalyst in the presence of a gaseous stream having a dew point temperature less than about 5 C. to form a treated catalyst. The treatment is effective to improve the activity and selectivity of the catalyst.

The present disclosure relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalysts useful in the conversion of hydrocarbons, such as the oligomerization of olefins, to methods for making such SPA catalysts, and to methods for converting hydrocarbons by contacting hydrocarbons with such catalyst. For example, in certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a calcined solid phosphoric acid catalyst composition that includes phosphoric acid and silicon phosphates, and in which (i) one or more promoters each selected from the group consisting of boron, bismuth, tungsten, silver and lanthanum is present; (ii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including silica-alumina clay, silica fiber and/or silica alumina fiber; or (iii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including fumed silica.

The present disclosure relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalysts useful in the conversion of hydrocarbons, such as the oligomerization of olefins, to methods for making such SPA catalysts, and to methods for converting hydrocarbons by contacting hydrocarbons with such catalyst. For example, in certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a calcined solid phosphoric acid catalyst composition that includes phosphoric acid and silicon phosphates, and in which (i) one or more promoters each selected from the group consisting of boron, bismuth, tungsten, silver and lanthanum is present; (ii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including silica-alumina clay, silica fiber and/or silica alumina fiber; or (iii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including fumed silica.

A method for reducing the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) having one or more bay regions which involves alkylating the PAC's with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst to lower the mutagenicity down to as much as about 0.1. The resulting alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds retain their physical and chemical properties for safe industrial use including as rubber processing oils, inks, etc.

A method for reducing the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) having one or more bay regions which involves alkylating the PAC's with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst to lower the mutagenicity down to as much as about 0.1. The resulting alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds retain their physical and chemical properties for safe industrial use including as rubber processing oils, inks, etc.

A method for reducing the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) having one or more bay regions which involves alkylating the PAC's with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst to lower the mutagenicity down to as much as about 0.1. The resulting alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds retain their physical and chemical properties for safe industrial use including as rubber processing oils, inks, etc.

A method for the synthesis of a aryl compound of Formula (1). Formula (1)

UT-WR.sub.1).sub.n (1)