In one embodiment, the present application discloses mixtures comprising (a) water in an amount of at least 1% wt/wt of the mixture; (b) a transition metal catalyst; and (c) one or more solubilizing agents; and methods for using such mixtures for performing transition metal mediated bond formation reactions.

The present disclosure addresses the problem of providing a method for decomposing a crosslinked rubber that can improve monomer yield. The solution is a method of decomposing a crosslinked rubber that includes: a first decomposition step of pyrolyzing a crosslinked rubber containing a diene rubber at a temperature of 150 C. or more and 400 C. or less, and a second decomposition step of pyrolyzing a decomposition product obtained by the first decomposition step under an inert gas atmosphere and in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 300 C. or more and 950 C. or less. Preferably 80 mass % or more of the diene rubber in the crosslinked rubber is decomposed to diene oligomers having a weight-average molecular weight of 100 to 50,000 via the first decomposition step.

The present disclosure addresses the problem of providing a method for decomposing a crosslinked rubber that can improve monomer yield. The solution is a method of decomposing a crosslinked rubber that includes: a first decomposition step of pyrolyzing a crosslinked rubber containing a diene rubber at a temperature of 150 C. or more and 400 C. or less, and a second decomposition step of pyrolyzing a decomposition product obtained by the first decomposition step under an inert gas atmosphere and in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 300 C. or more and 950 C. or less. Preferably 80 mass % or more of the diene rubber in the crosslinked rubber is decomposed to diene oligomers having a weight-average molecular weight of 100 to 50,000 via the first decomposition step.