The present invention relates generally to narrow range alcohol alkoxylates and derivatives thereof, such as alkyl ether sulfates.

The present invention relates generally to narrow range alcohol alkoxylates and derivatives thereof, such as alkyl ether sulfates.

Fluorine-containing boric acid composite capsule particles comprising a condensate of a fluorine-containing alcohol, a guest compound, and boric acid particles, wherein the fluorine-containing alcohol is represented by the general formula:
R.sub.F-A-OH
wherein R.sub.F is: a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group containing a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and containing an O, S, or N atom, or a polyfluoroalkyl group in which some of the fluorine atom or atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by hydrogen atom or atoms, and which contains a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms, wherein the perfluoroalkylene group may contain an O, S, or N atom, and one fluorine atom of the terminal perfluoroalkyl group may be replaced by (CH.sub.2).sub.fOH (wherein f is an integer of 1 to 3); and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by a formula (1) shown below.
R.sup.1(O(CH.sub.2).sub.a).sub.b-[A]-[B]OCH.sub.2R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3(1)
(In the formula (1), R.sup.1 is an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an organic group having at least one double bond or triple bond. Further, a represents an integer of 2 to 4, and b is 0 or 1. [A] is represented by a formula (2): (OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2).sub.c (wherein c is 1 or 2). [B] is represented by a formula (3): (O(CH.sub.2).sub.eCH(OH)CH.sub.2).sub.d (wherein d is 0 or 1, and e represents an integer of 2 to 4). However, the sum of c in the formula (2) and d in the formula (3) is 2. R.sup.2 is a perfluoropolyether chain. R.sup.3 is represented by a formula (4): (OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.2(CH.sub.2).sub.fOH (wherein f represents an integer of 2 to 5).

A process for preparing a low-molecular weight fluoropolyether containing an acid fluoride by decomposing a triflate or trifluoroacetate of a fluoropolyether having a hydroxyl group in the presence of a Lewis acid.

A process for producing an alkylene oxide adduct can continuously produce the alkylene oxide adduct by using a microflow reactor having a tubular flow passage and a micromixer connected to a supply port of the microflow reactor. Liquid state alkylene oxide, alkylene catalyst and an organic compound having an active hydrogen atom(s) are reacted while passing therethrough under the conditions of a temperature of the flow passage of 70 to 200 C. and a pressure of the supply port of the flow passage of 1 to 10 MPa.

A process for producing an alkylene oxide adduct can continuously produce the alkylene oxide adduct by using a microflow reactor having a tubular flow passage and a micromixer connected to a supply port of the microflow reactor. Liquid state alkylene oxide, alkylene catalyst and an organic compound having an active hydrogen atom(s) are reacted while passing therethrough under the conditions of a temperature of the flow passage of 70 to 200 C. and a pressure of the supply port of the flow passage of 1 to 10 MPa.

Disclosed is a fluoropolyether compound comprising a C.sub.4-10 aliphatic hydrocarbon chain present in the middle of the fluoropolyether compound and at least two perfluoropolyethers.

The present invention provides a Molybdenum or Tungsten chalcogenide nanoobject having: (a) an object size comprised from 0.1 to 500 nm, and (b) from 1 to 99% by weight of molecules of formula (I) with respect to the total weight of the nanoobject, wherein: A is OH; X is selected from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)alkyl optionally substituted with one or more radicals; a 2 to 20-member heteroalkyl optionally substituted with one or more radicals; and a homopolymer or copolymer comprising a polymeric chain; B is selected from: H, OH, NH.sub.2, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl, halogen, phenyl substituted with one or more halogen radicals, benzyl substituted with one or more halogen radicals, C(O)R.sub.3, C(O)(R.sub.7), OC(O)(O)R.sub.3, C(O)(O.sup.), C(O)(O)R.sub.3, OR.sub.3, CH(OR.sub.3)(OR.sub.4), C(OR.sub.3)(OR.sub.4)(R.sub.5), C(OR.sub.3)(OR.sub.4)(OR.sub.5), C(OR.sub.3)(OR.sub.4)(OR.sub.5)(OR.sub.6), NR.sub.1R.sub.2, N.sup.+R.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3, C(NR.sub.1)(R.sub.2), C(O)(NR.sub.1R.sub.2), N(C(O)(R.sub.1)) (C(O)(R.sub.2))(R.sub.3), O(CN), NC(O), ONO.sub.2, CN, NC, ON(O), NO.sub.2, NO, C.sub.5H.sub.4N, SR.sub.1, SSR.sub.1, S(O)(R.sub.1), S(O)(O)(R.sub.1), S(O)(OH), S(O)(O)(OH), SCN, NCS, C(S)(R.sub.1), PR.sub.1R.sub.2, P(O)(OH).sub.2, OP(O)(OH).sub.2, OP(O)(OR.sub.1)(OR.sub.2), B(OH), B(OR.sub.1)(OR.sub.2), and B(OR.sub.1)(R.sub.2); provided that when B is H or (C.sub.1-C.sub.4) alkyl, then X is a homopolymer, a copolymer, or a 2 to 20-member heteroalkyl optionally substituted with one or more radicals as defined above.

The present invention also provides processes for the preparation of the nanoobjects, their use as additive for reducing the friction coefficient of a material, and compositions comprising thereof.

A-X-B(I)

The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and catalysis. Provided are an application of an ionic liquid in propylene glycol ether synthesis and a method for synthesizing a propylene glycol ether. The ionic liquid is a methyl carbonate ionic liquid, and is used as a catalyst for catalyzing propylene glycol ether synthesis. The method for synthesizing the propylene glycol ether comprises the following steps: placing propylene oxide and an alcohol within a reactor to contact a catalyst, and heating the mixture in an enclosed environment to 50-200 C. to obtain the propylene glycol ether, wherein the catalyst is a methyl carbonate ionic liquid. The method for synthesizing propylene glycol ether provided in the present invention is a green synthesis technique, and does not require special production equipment. The method has simple and easily controllable processes, and can be used in industrial production and applications.