A method of preparing 4-methyl-3-decen-5-one. The method includes the step of oxidizing 4-methyl-3-decen-5-ol in the presence of (i) oxygen and (ii) a metal catalyst, wherein the metal catalyst contains a catalytic metal deposited on nanoparticle support.

In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein is versatile polyene cyclization strategy that exploits conjugated -ionyl derivatives. Photomediated disruption of the extended -system within these chromophores unveils a contra-thermodynamic polyene that engages in a Heck-type cyclization to afford [4.4.1]-propellanes. The connectivity of overbred polycycles generated from this process is controlled by the position of the requisite C-Halide bond. Thus, compared to conventional biomimetic polyene cyclization, this approach allows for complete control of regiochemistry and facilitates incorporation of both electron-rich and electron-deficient (hetero)aryl groups. This strategy was successfully applied to the total synthesis of abietanes such as, for example, taxodione and salviasperanol, two isomeric abietane-type diterpenes that previously could not be prepared along the same synthetic pathway.

In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein is versatile polyene cyclization strategy that exploits conjugated -ionyl derivatives. Photomediated disruption of the extended -system within these chromophores unveils a contra-thermodynamic polyene that engages in a Heck-type cyclization to afford [4.4.1]-propellanes. The connectivity of overbred polycycles generated from this process is controlled by the position of the requisite C-Halide bond. Thus, compared to conventional biomimetic polyene cyclization, this approach allows for complete control of regiochemistry and facilitates incorporation of both electron-rich and electron-deficient (hetero)aryl groups. This strategy was successfully applied to the total synthesis of abietanes such as, for example, taxodione and salviasperanol, two isomeric abietane-type diterpenes that previously could not be prepared along the same synthetic pathway.

Methods for converting an alcohol, such as cyclohexanol to a ketone, such as cyclohexanone, include reacting the alcohol in the presence of a catalyst and oxygen to produce the ketone. In one exemplary embodiment, the catalyst comprises a microporous copper chloropyrophosphate framework including a plurality of noble metal nanoparticles. In one exemplary embodiment, the noble metal nanoparticles include at least one metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, and gold.

Methods for converting an alcohol, such as cyclohexanol to a ketone, such as cyclohexanone, include reacting the alcohol in the presence of a catalyst and oxygen to produce the ketone. In one exemplary embodiment, the catalyst comprises a microporous copper chloropyrophosphate framework including a plurality of noble metal nanoparticles. In one exemplary embodiment, the noble metal nanoparticles include at least one metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, and gold.

Methods for converting an alcohol, such as cyclohexanol to a ketone, such as cyclohexanone, include reacting the alcohol in the presence of a catalyst and oxygen to produce the ketone. In one exemplary embodiment, the catalyst comprises a microporous copper chloropyrophosphate framework including a plurality of noble metal nanoparticles. In one exemplary embodiment, the noble metal nanoparticles include at least one metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, and gold.

The invention is related to a process for production of acrylic acid comprising the following steps: a) preparation of a product gas mixture by a catalytic gas-phase oxidation of at least one C.sub.3 precursor compound to acrylic acid, wherein acrylic acid is formed as a main product of the catalytic gas-phase oxidation and glyoxal is formed as a by-product and the product gas mixture comprises acrylic acid and glyoxal, b) cooling of the product gas mixture, c) contacting the product gas mixture in countercourrent with an absorbent, wherein an absorbate A, comprising the absorbent and absorbed acrylic acid, is formed, d) introducing a feed stream F (2) comprising at least part of the absorbate A into a rectification column comprising a rectifying section and a stripping section, e) enriching the absorbent in the stripping section and enriching acrylic acid in the rectifying section, f) withdrawing a stream C of crude acrylic acid comprising at least 90% by weight of acrylic acid out of the rectifying section as a side stream,
wherein step c) is carried out in an absorption column (12) comprising at least two cooling loops, a first cooling loop (14), wherein a high boiler fraction of the product gas mixture is condensed and a second cooling loop (16), wherein a low boiler fraction of the product gas mixture is condensed,
wherein a portion of the absorbate A, which comprises the feed stream F (2), is removed from the absorption column (12) at a side take-off (20), the side take-off (20) being located at the first cooling loop (14) or at a height of the absorption column (12) between the first cooling loop (14) and the second cooling loop (16)
and wherein a temperature Tc of the absorbate A in the second cooling loop is at least 56 C.