The present invention provides a process for the preparation of organic bromides, by a radical bromodecarboxylation of carboxylic acids with a bromoisocyanurate.

The invention relates to processes for preparing benzoprostacyclin analogues and intermediates prepared from the process, and the benzoprostacyclin analogues prepared therefrom. The invention also relates to cyclopentenone intermediates in racemic or optically active form.

The invention relates to processes for preparing benzoprostacyclin analogues and intermediates prepared from the process, and the benzoprostacyclin analogues prepared therefrom. The invention also relates to cyclopentenone intermediates in racemic or optically active form.

Disclosed is a practical method for production of 3,3-difluoro-2-hydroxypropionic acid, which is important as pharmaceutical and agrichemical intermediates. The method includes forming a 4,4-difluoro-2,2-dichloro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester by reaction of a 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester with chlorine (Cl.sub.2), forming 3,3-difluoro-1,1-dichloro-2-propanone by reaction of the chlorination product with an acid, and then, reacting the degradation product with a basic aqueous solution.

Disclosed is a practical method for production of 3,3-difluoro-2-hydroxypropionic acid, which is important as pharmaceutical and agrichemical intermediates. The method includes forming a 4,4-difluoro-2,2-dichloro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester by reaction of a 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester with chlorine (Cl.sub.2), forming 3,3-difluoro-1,1-dichloro-2-propanone by reaction of the chlorination product with an acid, and then, reacting the degradation product with a basic aqueous solution.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of organic bromides, by a radical bromodecarboxylation of carboxylic acids with a bromoisocyanurate.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of organic bromides, by a radical bromodecarboxylation of carboxylic acids with a bromoisocyanurate.

Provided is lipid and methods of making such lipid having the structure of Formula A:

##STR00001## each R is an alkyl having a carbon backbone of C.sub.12 to C.sub.16 having 1 to 3 C?C double bonds, at least one having Z-geometry; R is an optional alkyl of C.sub.2 to C.sub.24 having 0 to 3 C?C double bonds; each R, and the R alkyl group if present, is optionally substituted at one or more positions with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl; W and X are O or S; Y is absent and C.sup.1 and C.sup.2 are bonded, or Y is present and is a metheno, etheno or ethyno bridge optionally substituted with an alkylamino chain [(CH.sub.2).sub.mNG.sup.1G.sup.2G.sup.3], wherein m is 1-5 and G.sup.1, G.sup.2 are, independently, C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl, G.sup.3 is absent, hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl, or wherein NG.sup.1G.sup.2G.sup.3 is a heterocycle; and Z and Z are H or alkylamino.

Provided is lipid and methods of making such lipid having the structure of Formula A:

##STR00001## each R is an alkyl having a carbon backbone of C.sub.12 to C.sub.16 having 1 to 3 C?C double bonds, at least one having Z-geometry; R is an optional alkyl of C.sub.2 to C.sub.24 having 0 to 3 C?C double bonds; each R, and the R alkyl group if present, is optionally substituted at one or more positions with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl; W and X are O or S; Y is absent and C.sup.1 and C.sup.2 are bonded, or Y is present and is a metheno, etheno or ethyno bridge optionally substituted with an alkylamino chain [(CH.sub.2).sub.mNG.sup.1G.sup.2G.sup.3], wherein m is 1-5 and G.sup.1, G.sup.2 are, independently, C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl, G.sup.3 is absent, hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl, or wherein NG.sup.1G.sup.2G.sup.3 is a heterocycle; and Z and Z are H or alkylamino.

Disclosed is a practical method for production of 3,3-difluoro-2-hydroxypropionic acid, which is important as pharmaceutical and agrichemical intermediates. The method includes forming a 4,4-difluoro-2,2-dichloro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester by reaction of a 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester with chlorine (Cl.sub.2), forming 3,3-difluoro-1,1-dichloro-2-propanone by reaction of the chlorination product with an acid, and then, reacting the degradation product with a basic aqueous solution.