The present invention provides process for preparation of molindone (I) comprising: a) reacting compound with cyclohexane-1,3-dione to form 2-(2-oxopentan-3-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione wherein X is Cl, Br or I, b) cyclizing 2-(2-oxopentan-3-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione to 2-methyl-3-ethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole, c) reacting 2-methyl-3-ethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole with morpholine and formaldehyde to give molindone (I), and d) optionally converting molindone (I) to its salt. The present invention further provides process for preparation of compound comprising: a) reacting compound with ethyl halide and another halide source to form compound wherein R is alkyl and X is Cl, Br or I; b)converting compound to compound.

The present invention provides process for preparation of molindone (I) comprising: a) reacting compound with cyclohexane-1,3-dione to form 2-(2-oxopentan-3-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione wherein X is Cl, Br or I, b) cyclizing 2-(2-oxopentan-3-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione to 2-methyl-3-ethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole, c) reacting 2-methyl-3-ethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole with morpholine and formaldehyde to give molindone (I), and d) optionally converting molindone (I) to its salt. The present invention further provides process for preparation of compound comprising: a) reacting compound with ethyl halide and another halide source to form compound wherein R is alkyl and X is Cl, Br or I; b)converting compound to compound.

Methods for making acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof by contacting a stream containing hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof with either an active catalyst containing an amorphous and partially-dehydrated phosphate salt or a precursor catalyst containing a crystalline phosphate salt in a reactor with a low corrosion rate are provided.

Methods for making acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof by contacting a stream containing hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof with either an active catalyst containing an amorphous and partially-dehydrated phosphate salt or a precursor catalyst containing a crystalline phosphate salt in a reactor with a low corrosion rate are provided.

A method for preparing trimethylolpropane, the method including: subjecting dimethylolbutanal (DMB) to a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a metal catalyst and an alcohol solvent. During the hydrogenation reaction, a weight ratio of the alcohol solvent based to dimethylolbutanal is 2 to 10.

A method for preparing trimethylolpropane, the method including: subjecting dimethylolbutanal (DMB) to a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a metal catalyst and an alcohol solvent. During the hydrogenation reaction, a weight ratio of the alcohol solvent based to dimethylolbutanal is 2 to 10.

The present invention provides processes for the preparation of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and novel intermediates used therein. In some embodiments the 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is prepared from (E)-2-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-styrylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. Also disclosed are crystal forms of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same.

The present invention provides processes for the preparation of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and novel intermediates used therein. In some embodiments the 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is prepared from (E)-2-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-styrylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. Also disclosed are crystal forms of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same.

The present invention provides processes for the preparation of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and novel intermediates used therein. In some embodiments the 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is prepared from (E)-2-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-styrylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. Also disclosed are crystal forms of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same.

The surfactants which can be produced from the trialkylamine intermediates include the quaternary ammonium compounds of formula: ##STR00001##