We provide a novel and useful process for preparing triphenyl-butene derivative. A process for the preparation of a compound represented by Formula (IV):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl,
characterized by reacting a compound represented by Formula (V):

##STR00002##

with a compound represented by Formula (VI):

##STR00003##

wherein R.sup.1 has the same meaning as defined above,
in the presence of 1) a polyvalent metal chloride, 2) a reducing agent and 3) an alkali metal salt and/or a substituted or unsubstituted phenol.

Compounds are provided having the structure of Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable isomer, racemate, hydrate, solvate, isotope, or salt thereof, wherein A, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Q, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and n are as defined herein. Such compounds function as thyromimetics and have utility for treating diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and fibrotic diseases. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds are also provided, as are methods of their use and preparation.

An object of the present invention is to develop a therapeutic agent for an inflammatory disease such as an inflammatory bowel disease or NASH, which therapeutic agent shows less side effects and high effectiveness. The present invention provides a compound represented by Formula (I) or a salt thereof; and a Pin1 inhibitor, a pharmaceutical composition, a therapeutic agent or a prophylactic agent for an inflammatory disease, and a therapeutic agent or a prophylactic agent for colon cancer, containing the compound. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to chemically reactive and/or biologically active compounds, reagents and compositions thereof. More particularly, the invention provides novel reagents that are useful in chemical synthesis, functionalization, delivery, probing and/or analytical measurements of small molecule drugs, proteins, antibodies and other biomolecules. The invention provides novel biologically active agents useful as diagnostics or therapeutics, and related composition and methods of uses thereof.

The invention relates to chemically reactive and/or biologically active compounds, reagents and compositions thereof. More particularly, the invention provides novel reagents that are useful in chemical synthesis, functionalization, delivery, probing and/or analytical measurements of small molecule drugs, proteins, antibodies and other biomolecules. The invention provides novel biologically active agents useful as diagnostics or therapeutics, and related composition and methods of uses thereof.

A salt represented by formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydroxy group, —O—R.sup.10, —O—CO—O—R.sup.10 or —O-L.sup.1-CO—O—R.sup.10; L.sup.1 represents an alkanediyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently represent a halogen atom, an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and —CH.sub.2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO.sub.2—; R.sup.10 represents an acid-labile group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; m1 represents an integer of 1 to 5, m2 and m8 represent an integer of 0 to 5, m4, m5 and m7 represent an integer of 0 to 4; and AI.sup.− represents an organic anion.

A resveratrol derivative of the compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are effective for treating a fibrotic disease.

##STR00001##

In formula I, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 deuterated alkyl, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different; the C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of halogen (for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), methyl, hydroxyl, ethyl, amino, methoxy, and nitro; and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl. The fibrotic disease is selected from the group consisting of liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, and cardiac fibrosis.

The invention generally relates to methods of making substituted arenes via direct C—H, C—O, C—S, or C—N bond conversion and methods of synthesizing isotopically-labeled substituted arenes via direct carbon-halogen bond conversion. The invention also relates to anaerobic catalyst systems comprising an acridinium photocatalyst and a nucleophile selected from a halide, a cyanide, and an isotopically-labeled amine. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

The invention generally relates to methods of making substituted arenes via direct C—H, C—O, C—S, or C—N bond conversion and methods of synthesizing isotopically-labeled substituted arenes via direct carbon-halogen bond conversion. The invention also relates to anaerobic catalyst systems comprising an acridinium photocatalyst and a nucleophile selected from a halide, a cyanide, and an isotopically-labeled amine. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photoredox catalyst that is activated by visible light.