An organic light emitting diode includes a first electrode, a hole transport region disposed on the first electrode, an emission layer disposed on the hole transport region, an electron transport region disposed on the emission layer, and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport region. The hole transport region includes a first hole transport layer which is directly disposed on the lower portion of the emission layer and has a first refractive index, and a second hole transport layer which is disposed on the lower portion of the first hole transport layer and has a second refractive index, thereby exhibiting an improved luminous efficiency characteristic.

Described are compositions and methods for inhibiting polymerization of a monomer (e.g., styrene) composition a quinone methide polymerization retarder and an ammonium salt. In a mixture, the ammonium salt improves the efficacy of the quinone methide polymerization retarder and provides greater antipolymerant activity. In turn, the mixture reduces or prevents apparatus fouling and improves the purity of monomer streams.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of amorphous Selexipag from Selexipag crystalline salts using a solvent.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of amorphous Selexipag from Selexipag crystalline salts using a solvent.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of amorphous Selexipag from Selexipag crystalline salts using a solvent.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of amorphous Selexipag from Selexipag crystalline salts using a solvent.

A method for manufacturing a quantum dot layer including providing a substrate on which a first luminescence electrode, a second luminescence electrode, and a third luminescence electrode are disposed, providing a first mixed solution including a first quantum dot which has been surface-treated to have a first polarity, providing a second polarity opposite to the first polarity to the first luminescence electrode, disposing the first quantum dot on the first luminescence electrode, and drying the first mixed solution to form a first quantum dot layer.

An aqueous solvent composition is provided, comprising a nucleophilic component having one or more sterically unhindered primary or secondary amine moieties, a Brnsted base component having one or more basic nitrogen moieties, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic composition is provided, comprising one or more carbamate compounds, one or more conjugate acids of Brnsted base, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic CO.sub.2 absorption process is also provided, utilizing the biphasic solvent composition.

An aqueous solvent composition is provided, comprising a nucleophilic component having one or more sterically unhindered primary or secondary amine moieties, a Brnsted base component having one or more basic nitrogen moieties, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic composition is provided, comprising one or more carbamate compounds, one or more conjugate acids of Brnsted base, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic CO.sub.2 absorption process is also provided, utilizing the biphasic solvent composition.

Charged organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) species are described. A light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEEC) includes the charged organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) species and sufficient counter ions to balance the charge on the charged organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence species, as emitter material. Also disclosed are OLEDSs containing the TADF species.