A cationic surfactant and a method of making the cationic surfactant are described. The method comprises reacting a lipophilic bio-based material having at least one epoxy functional group and a hydrophilic organic compound having at least one cationic functional group and at least one hydroxyl functional group to form a reaction product containing a stable ether linkage connecting the lipophilic bio-based material to the organic compound. At least a portion of the cationic functional groups is neutralized or ion exchanged with an organic acid. Incorporation of the simple organic acid reduces the surfactant's aquatic toxicity and acts as a substrate to encourage co-digestion of the surfactant molecule, making the compound more biodegradable.

The invention relates to a process for producing compounds containing at least one arylamino group by means of a palladium-catalysed coupling reaction of an arylamino compound with an aryl compound, using LiOtBu as a base.

The invention relates to a process for producing compounds containing at least one arylamino group by means of a palladium-catalysed coupling reaction of an arylamino compound with an aryl compound, using LiOtBu as a base.

A carbon-coated transition metal nanocomposite material includes carbon-coated transition metal particles having a core-shell structure. The shell layer of the core-shell structure is a graphitized carbon layer doped with oxygen and/or nitrogen, and the core of the core-shell structure is a transition metal nanoparticle. The nanocomposite material has a structure rich in mesopores, is an adsorption/catalyst material with excellent performance, can be used for catalyzing various hydrogenation reduction reactions, or used as a catalytic-oxidation catalyst useful for the treatment of volatile organic compounds in industrial exhaust gases.

A carbon-coated transition metal nanocomposite material includes carbon-coated transition metal particles having a core-shell structure. The shell layer of the core-shell structure is a graphitized carbon layer doped with oxygen and/or nitrogen, and the core of the core-shell structure is a transition metal nanoparticle. The nanocomposite material has a structure rich in mesopores, is an adsorption/catalyst material with excellent performance, can be used for catalyzing various hydrogenation reduction reactions, or used as a catalytic-oxidation catalyst useful for the treatment of volatile organic compounds in industrial exhaust gases.

Disclosed herein are methods of treating subjects suffering from estrogen receptor positive cancer of the brain by administering a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERM). Also disclosed are methods of treating a cancer that is resistant to an estrogen receptor modulator by administering a SERM.

Disclosed herein are methods of treating subjects suffering from estrogen receptor positive cancer of the brain by administering a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERM). Also disclosed are methods of treating a cancer that is resistant to an estrogen receptor modulator by administering a SERM.

Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise EBNA1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases caused by EBNA1 activity such as cancer, infectious mononucleosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention also comprise EBNA1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases caused by latent Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention also comprise EBNA1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases caused by lytic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection.

Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise EBNA1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases caused by EBNA1 activity such as cancer, infectious mononucleosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention also comprise EBNA1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases caused by latent Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention also comprise EBNA1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases caused by lytic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection.

A supported catalyst having rhodium particles with an average diameter of less than 1 nm disposed on a support material containing magnetic iron oxide (e.g. Fe.sub.3O.sub.4). A method of producing the supported catalyst and a process of reducing nitroarenes to corresponding aromatic amines employing the supported catalyst with a high product yield are also described. The supported catalyst may be recovered with ease using an external magnet and reused.