The invention concerns synthesized amido-amine-based cationic gemini surfactants with flexible and rigid spacers and different hydrophobic. These gemini surfactants were prepared by modified procedure through amidation of long chain carboxylic acids using 3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine followed by treatment with halohydrocarbons and showed excellent thermal stability and surface properties useful for various oilfield applications such as enhanced oil recovery.

The invention concerns synthesized amido-amine-based cationic gemini surfactants with flexible and rigid spacers and different hydrophobic. These gemini surfactants were prepared by modified procedure through amidation of long chain carboxylic acids using 3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine followed by treatment with halohydrocarbons and showed excellent thermal stability and surface properties useful for various oilfield applications such as enhanced oil recovery.

N,N-(di)alkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide or N,N-(di)alkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate and/or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof are prepared with a low content of a compound of formula (IV)

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.5 in each case is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical, an aryl radical which may also be substituted by one or more alkyl groups, the linear, cyclic or branched alkyl radical may have a length of 1-12 carbon atoms and is, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, isooctyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl.

N,N-(di)alkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide or N,N-(di)alkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate and/or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof are prepared with a low content of a compound of formula (IV)

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.5 in each case is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical, an aryl radical which may also be substituted by one or more alkyl groups, the linear, cyclic or branched alkyl radical may have a length of 1-12 carbon atoms and is, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, isooctyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl.

N,N-(di)alkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide or N,N-(di)alkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate and/or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof are prepared with a low content of a compound of formula (IV)

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.5 in each case is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical, an aryl radical which may also be substituted by one or more alkyl groups, the linear, cyclic or branched alkyl radical may have a length of 1-12 carbon atoms and is, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, isooctyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl.

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to switchable carboxybetaine-based polymers, hydrogels, and/or elastomers, along with novel related monomers, crosslinkers, and methods. Under acidic conditions, the materials undergo self-cyclization and can catch and kill bacteria. Under neutral/basic conditions, these materials undergo ring-opening and can release killed bacterial cells and resist protein adsorption and bacterial attachment. These smart polymers, hydrogels and elastomers also show excellent mechanical properties making them highly desirable for many biomedical applications.

Disclosed herein are derivatives of phenolic and melamine compounds, methods of making these derivatives, and methods of using them. The compounds include phenolic and melamine compounds with multi-functional acrylate groups, polyethylene glycol and amino groups. The compounds may be cured to form resins that may be used in a variety of applications, such as paints, hydrogels, polyacrylate super absorbent polymers (SAPs), adhesives, composites, sealants, fillers, fire retardants, crosslinking agents, and the like.

Disclosed herein are derivatives of phenolic and melamine compounds, methods of making these derivatives, and methods of using them. The compounds include phenolic and melamine compounds with multi-functional acrylate groups, polyethylene glycol and amino groups. The compounds may be cured to form resins that may be used in a variety of applications, such as paints, hydrogels, polyacrylate super absorbent polymers (SAPs), adhesives, composites, sealants, fillers, fire retardants, crosslinking agents, and the like.

Fatty amine compositions made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives are disclosed. In another aspect, fatty amidoamines made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine are disclosed. The fatty amines or amidoamines are advantageously sulfonated, sulfitated, oxidized, or reduced. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.

Fatty amine compositions made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives are disclosed. In another aspect, fatty amidoamines made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine are disclosed. The fatty amines or amidoamines are advantageously sulfonated, sulfitated, oxidized, or reduced. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.