Described herein are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments that include such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to modulate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor (TRPV1) activity.

Described herein are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments that include such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to modulate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor (TRPV1) activity.

Disclosed herein are gemini surfactants, and methods for making and using these gemini surfactants. These gemini surfactants may be incorporated in paints and coatings to provide hydrophilic and/or self-cleaning properties.

Disclosed herein are gemini surfactants, and methods for making and using these gemini surfactants. These gemini surfactants may be incorporated in paints and coatings to provide hydrophilic and/or self-cleaning properties.

Disclosed herein are prodrugs of tapinarof and pharmaceutical formulations comprising tarpinarof, such as oral formulations. Further disclosed herein are methods for treating diseases and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, eye, lung, and bone joints via the tapinarof prodrugs.

Disclosed herein are prodrugs of tapinarof and pharmaceutical formulations comprising tarpinarof, such as oral formulations. Further disclosed herein are methods for treating diseases and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, eye, lung, and bone joints via the tapinarof prodrugs.

An unnatural amino acid may have a structure as shown in formula (1) or may be an enantiomer thereof:

##STR00001##

Such unnatural amino acid may be used, e.g., in recombinant proteins. A recombinant protein may contain such unnatural amino acid and a protein conjugate prepared from the recombinant protein. The unnatural amino acid can be simple and convenient to prepare, safe in nature, difficult to inactivate when inserted into a protein, and may have a high binding rate with a coupling moiety, and the obtained conjugate is higher in stability. The unnatural amino acid is applicable to numerous fields, especially in preparation of a recombinant protein or a recombinant protein conjugate.

An unnatural amino acid may have a structure as shown in formula (1) or may be an enantiomer thereof:

##STR00001##

Such unnatural amino acid may be used, e.g., in recombinant proteins. A recombinant protein may contain such unnatural amino acid and a protein conjugate prepared from the recombinant protein. The unnatural amino acid can be simple and convenient to prepare, safe in nature, difficult to inactivate when inserted into a protein, and may have a high binding rate with a coupling moiety, and the obtained conjugate is higher in stability. The unnatural amino acid is applicable to numerous fields, especially in preparation of a recombinant protein or a recombinant protein conjugate.

A prodrug compound of cannabidiol (CBD), pharmaceutical composition thereof and methods of use thereof in patients in need.

A prodrug compound of cannabidiol (CBD), pharmaceutical composition thereof and methods of use thereof in patients in need.