A method for the manufacture of a sulfonated phenol for use as a cumene hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst can comprise: combining phenol and a sulfonating agent at a first temperature that is 1 C. to 15 C. higher than a melting temperature of the phenol, to form a reaction mixture at the first temperature; reducing the first temperature of the reaction mixture to a second temperature that is 10 to 40 C. lower than the first temperature; and forming the sulfonated phenol at the second temperature.

A method for the manufacture of a sulfonated phenol for use as a cumene hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst can comprise: combining phenol and a sulfonating agent at a first temperature that is 1 C. to 15 C. higher than a melting temperature of the phenol, to form a reaction mixture at the first temperature; reducing the first temperature of the reaction mixture to a second temperature that is 10 to 40 C. lower than the first temperature; and forming the sulfonated phenol at the second temperature.

Substituted hydroquinones and quinones and methods of synthesizing such compounds are disclosed herein. The substituted hydroquinones have the formula:

##STR00001##

while the substituted quinones have the corresponding oxidized structure (1,4-benzoquinones). One, two, three, or all four of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 comprise a thioether moiety and a sulfonate moiety, and wherein each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 that does not comprise a thioether and a sulfonate moiety sulfonate moiety is independently a hydrogen, an alkyl or an electron withdrawing group.

The substituted hydroquinones and quinones are soluble in water, stable in aqueous acid solutions, and have a high reduction potential in the oxidized form. Accordingly, they can be used as redox mediators in emerging technologies, such as in mediated fuel cells or organic-mediator flow batteries.

Substituted hydroquinones and quinones and methods of synthesizing such compounds are disclosed herein. The substituted hydroquinones have the formula:

##STR00001##

while the substituted quinones have the corresponding oxidized structure (1,4-benzoquinones). One, two, three, or all four of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 comprise a thioether moiety and a sulfonate moiety, and wherein each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 that does not comprise a thioether and a sulfonate moiety sulfonate moiety is independently a hydrogen, an alkyl or an electron withdrawing group.

The substituted hydroquinones and quinones are soluble in water, stable in aqueous acid solutions, and have a high reduction potential in the oxidized form. Accordingly, they can be used as redox mediators in emerging technologies, such as in mediated fuel cells or organic-mediator flow batteries.

The present invention relates to a cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid, a preparation method and application thereof, and a cannabidiol derivative. The present invention introduces a sulfonic acid group in a molecular structure of cannabidiol, and the sulfonic acid group as a polar group can increase the polarity of cannabidiol, thereby improving the water solubility thereof. The cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid can be subjected to a salt forming reaction with an inorganic base or an organic base, so that the water solubility of the cannabidiol is further improved, and the druggability of a drug based on a parent nucleus and physiological activity of the CBD structure can be enhanced. The newly introduced sulfonic acid group in the cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid provided by the present invention can be used as a new action site to react with a specific group, and the research and application range of the cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid is further broadened.

The present invention relates to a cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid, a preparation method and application thereof, and a cannabidiol derivative. The present invention introduces a sulfonic acid group in a molecular structure of cannabidiol, and the sulfonic acid group as a polar group can increase the polarity of cannabidiol, thereby improving the water solubility thereof. The cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid can be subjected to a salt forming reaction with an inorganic base or an organic base, so that the water solubility of the cannabidiol is further improved, and the druggability of a drug based on a parent nucleus and physiological activity of the CBD structure can be enhanced. The newly introduced sulfonic acid group in the cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid provided by the present invention can be used as a new action site to react with a specific group, and the research and application range of the cannabidiol-3-sulfonic acid is further broadened.

Processes for the preparation of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid salts of formula (I) and a crystalline form of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid are provided. Also provided are methods of treating psoriasis comprising administering crystalline forms of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid. ##STR00001##

Processes for the preparation of 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid salts of formula (I) and a crystalline form of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid are provided. Also provided are methods of treating psoriasis comprising administering crystalline forms of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid. ##STR00001##

Substituted hydroquinones and quinones and methods of synthesizing such compounds are disclosed herein. The substituted hydroquinones have the formula: ##STR00001##
while the substituted quinones have the corresponding oxidized structure (1,4-benzoquinones). One, two, three, or all four of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 comprise a thioether moiety and a sulfonate moiety, and wherein each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 that does not comprise a thioether and a sulfonate moiety sulfonate moiety is independently a hydrogen, an alkyl or an electron withdrawing group. The substituted hydroquinones and quinones are soluble in water, stable in aqueous acid solutions, and have a high reduction potential in the oxidized form. Accordingly, they can be used as redox mediators in emerging technologies, such as in mediated fuel cells or organic-mediator flow batteries.

Substituted hydroquinones and quinones and methods of synthesizing such compounds are disclosed herein. The substituted hydroquinones have the formula: ##STR00001##
while the substituted quinones have the corresponding oxidized structure (1,4-benzoquinones). One, two, three, or all four of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 comprise a thioether moiety and a sulfonate moiety, and wherein each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 that does not comprise a thioether and a sulfonate moiety sulfonate moiety is independently a hydrogen, an alkyl or an electron withdrawing group. The substituted hydroquinones and quinones are soluble in water, stable in aqueous acid solutions, and have a high reduction potential in the oxidized form. Accordingly, they can be used as redox mediators in emerging technologies, such as in mediated fuel cells or organic-mediator flow batteries.