An electrosurgical apparatus and method for performing thermal treatment in the gastrointestinal tract, e.g. to ablate duodenal mucosal tissue. The apparatus comprises an instrument having a flexible cable and an applicator suitable for use with a gastroscope, which can be deployed within a patient to delivery energy in a targeted or otherwise controllable manner. The applicator can deliver microwave energy by radiation. The direct and depth-limited nature of microwave energy can be make it more effective than treatments that rely on thermal conduction. The applicator may include a radially extendable portion arranged to move an microwave energy delivery structure into contact with duodenal mucosal tissue at the treatment region. The applicator may comprise any of a balloon, bipolar radiator, movable paddle, and rotatable roller element.

A catheter includes an elongate shaft, an electrode assembly, a connective stem, a coupler, a first magnetic position sensor, and a second magnetic position sensor. The electrode assembly includes microelectrodes. The connective stem includes a first connective stem member and a second connective stem member. The connective stem defines a first sensor receptacle and a second sensor receptacle in an exterior surface of the connective stem. The coupler is configured for coupling with the connective stem. The first magnetic position sensor is disposed in the first sensor receptacle and elongated along a first sensor longitudinal axis. The second magnetic position sensor disposed in the second sensor receptacle and elongated along a second sensor longitudinal axis that is not parallel to the first sensor longitudinal axis.

Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for providing pulsed electrical treatment (including high voltage, sub-microsecond pulsed electric energy) to body vessels. The apparatus may include deployable electrodes that conform to transitional surfaces. These apparatuses may include multiple wire loops forming petal-like electrodes configured to expand with an expandable member, such as a balloon.

Devices, systems, and methods for removing obstructions from body lumens are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a system for removing a thrombus includes an interventional element configured to be disposed proximate to or adjacent to a thrombus within a blood vessel. The system can include a signal generator in electrical communication with the interventional element. The signal generator can be configured to deliver an electrical signal to the interventional element. The electrical signal can include a waveform having a positive phase having a peak positive current and a first duration, and a negative phase having a peak negative current and a second duration. A magnitude of the peak positive current can be greater than a magnitude of the peak negative current, and the first duration can be greater than the second duration.

An intravascular catheter for nerve activity ablation and/or sensing includes one or more needles advanced through supported guide tubes (needle guiding elements) which expand to contact the interior surface of the wall of the renal artery or other vessel of a human body allowing the needles to be advanced though the vessel wall into the extra-luminal tissue including the media, adventitia and periadvential space. The catheter also includes structures which provide radial and lateral support to the guide tubes so that the guide tubes open uniformly and maintain their position against the interior surface of the vessel wall as the sharpened needles are advanced to penetrate into the vessel wall. Electrodes at the distal ends of the guide tubes allow sensing of nerve activity before and after attempted renal denervation. In a combination embodiment ablative energy or fluid is delivered to ablate nerves outside of the media.

Ablation systems and methods of the present disclosure include a catheter including one or more image sensors. The one or more image sensors can facilitate, for example, positioning an ablation electrode at a treatment site of an anatomic structure and, additionally or alternatively, can facilitate controlling delivery of therapeutic energy to a treatment site of an anatomic structure.

The present invention is an ablation device having an arcuate configuration for the ablation of tissue. The device includes a probe having a nonconductive elongated shaft including at least one lumen therethrough and a nonconductive distal portion extending from the shaft. The nonconductive distal portion includes a plurality distal ports and a plurality of proximal ports in communication with the at least one lumen of the shaft. The device further includes an electrode array including a plurality of independent conductive wires extending through the lumen and positioned along an external surface of the nonconductive distal portion, each of the plurality of wires passes through at least an associated one of the proximal ports and through at least a corresponding one of the distal ports.

A radio frequency ablation medical device includes a guide wire; a catheter configured to be movable to a lesion site of a tissue along the guide wire and having at least one electrode configured to generate heat according to an application of power; and a stent configured to be unfolded when protruding out of the catheter through an end portion of the catheter or recaptured in the end portion of the catheter when entering an inside of the catheter. The stent serves to transfer heat generated by the electrode to the lesion site in an unfolded state when getting out of the catheter.

A system for application of neurostimulation includes an outer sheath, an elongate inner member in the outer sheath and movable relative to the outer sheath. The inner lumen has a distal end. An expandable member is coupled to the distal end of the inner member and is in the outer sheath. The expandable member is self-expanding upon from a compressed state in the outer sheath to an expanded state out of the outer sheath. The expandable member includes a distal portion including a plurality of wires woven together and a proximal portion including the plurality of wires extending parallel to a longitudinal axis. The system includes a plurality of electrode assemblies outward of the expandable member and circumferentially spaced around the expandable member. Each electrode assembly is coupled to two of the wires extending parallel to the longitudinal axis. Each electrode assembly includes a plurality of longitudinally-spaced electrodes.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a medical device. The medical device can include a catheter shaft that includes a proximal end and a distal end, the catheter shaft defining a catheter shaft longitudinal axis. A flexible tip portion can be located adjacent to the distal end of the catheter shaft, the flexible tip portion comprising a flexible framework, wherein the flexible framework is curved about a transverse framework axis that is disposed transverse to the catheter shaft longitudinal axis without application of a force external to the medical device. A plurality of microelectrodes can be disposed on the flexible framework and can form a flexible array of microelectrodes adapted to conform to tissue.