Catalysts and processes for a selective conversion of hydrocarbons. The catalyst comprises: a first component selected from the group consisting of Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof, a modifier selected from the group consisting of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals and mixtures thereof, and a third component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, thallium and mixtures thereof; and a support forming a catalyst particle comprising a plurality of pores. The catalyst has a modifier profile index in a range of 1 to 1.4 across the catalyst particle.

The present disclosure relates to dehydrogenation catalysts based on one or more certain group 13 and group 14 elements that further include additional metal components, to methods for making such catalysts, and to methods for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons using such catalysts. One aspect of the disclosure provides a calcined dehydrogenation catalyst that includes a primary species P1 selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn and Pb and combinations thereof; a primary species P2 selected from the lanthanides; a promoter M1 selected from the group consisting of Ni, Pd and Pt; a promoter M2 selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, on a silica-alumina support.

A catalyst for dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons includes a support including zirconium oxide and alumina. A concentration of the zirconium oxide in the catalyst is in a range of from 1 weight percent (wt. %) to 20 wt. %. The catalyst includes from 0.01 wt. % to 2 wt. % of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The catalyst includes from 1 wt. % to 2 wt. % of tin. The catalyst includes from 0.1 wt. % to 2 wt. % of a platinum group metal. The alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, tin, and platinum group metal are disposed on the support.

A catalytic composite comprises a first component selected from Group VIII noble metal components and mixtures thereof, a second component selected from one or more of alkali and alkaline earth metal components, and a third component selected from one or more of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, and thallium, all supported on an alumina support comprising delta alumina having an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising at least three 2 diffraction angle peaks between 32.0 and 70.0. The at least three 2 diffraction angle peaks comprise a first 2 diffraction angle peak of 32.70.4, a second 2 diffraction angle peak of 50.80.4, and a third 2 diffraction angle peak of 66.70.8, wherein the second 2 diffraction angle peak has an intensity of less than about 0.06 times the intensity of the third 2 diffraction angle peak.

Disclosed herein are processes for producing neopentane. The processes generally relate to demethylating isooctane to produce neopentane. The isooctane may be provided by the alkylation of isobutane with butylenes.

Catalysts and processes for a selective conversion of hydrocarbons. The catalyst comprises: a first component selected from the group consisting of Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof, a modifier selected from the group consisting of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals and mixtures thereof, and a third component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, thallium and mixtures thereof; and a support forming a catalyst particle comprising a plurality of pores. The catalyst has a modifier profile index in a range of 1 to 1.4 across the catalyst particle.

A catalyst for a selective conversion of hydrocarbons. The catalyst includes a first component selected from the group consisting of Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof, a second component selected from the group consisting of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals and mixtures thereof, and a third component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, thallium and mixtures thereof. The catalyst is a support formed as a spherical catalyst particle with an average pore diameter between 200 to 350 Angstroms, a porosity of at least 75% and an apparent bulk density between 0.60 and 0.3 g/cc. Also, a process of using such a catalyst for a selective hydrocarbon conversion reaction and a process for regenerating such a catalyst by removing coke from same.

A catalyst for a selective conversion of hydrocarbons. The catalyst includes a first component selected from the group consisting of Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof, a second component selected from the group consisting of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals and mixtures thereof, and a third component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, thallium and mixtures thereof. The catalyst is a support formed as a spherical catalyst particle with an average pore diameter between 200 to 350 Angstroms, a porosity of at least 75% and an apparent bulk density between 0.60 and 0.3 g/cc. Also, a process of using such a catalyst for a selective hydrocarbon conversion reaction and a process for regenerating such a catalyst by removing coke from same.

A catalyst for a selective conversion of hydrocarbons. The catalyst includes a first component selected from the group consisting of Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof, a second component selected from the group consisting of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals and mixtures thereof, and a third component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, thallium and mixtures thereof. The catalyst is a support formed as a spherical catalyst particle with a median diameter between 1.6 mm and 2.5 mm and an apparent bulk density between 0.6 and 0.3 g/cc. Also a process of using such a catalyst for a selective hydrocarbon conversion reaction and a process for regenerating such a catalyst by removing coke from same.

The present disclosure provides an air-soak containing regeneration process reducing its time. The process includes (i) removing surface carbon species from a gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst in a combustion process in the presence of a fuel gas; (ii) conditioning the gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst after (i) in air-soak treatment at a temperature of 660 C. to 850 C. with (iii) a flow of oxygen-containing gas having (iv) 0.1 to 100 parts per million by volume (ppmv) of a chlorine source selected from chlorine, a chlorine compound or a combination thereof; and achieving a predetermined alkane conversion percentage for the gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst undergoing the air-soak containing regeneration process using (i) through (iv) 10% to 50% sooner in air-soak treatment than that required to achieve the same predetermined alkane conversion percentage for the gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst undergoing the air-soak containing regeneration process using (i) through (iii), but without (iv).