The present invention provides a composition comprising 10-40 mass % of C.sub.8-30 linear alkanes, up to 20 mass % of C.sub.7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons, at least 90 mass % of which are monoaromatic, and no more than 1 mass % in total of oxygen-containing compounds; wherein the total amount of C.sub.8-30 alkanes in the composition is 50-95 mass %, and the total amount of C.sub.8-30 alkanes, C.sub.7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons and C.sub.8-30 cycloalkanes is at least 95 mass %; wherein the composition comprises 45-90 mass % in total of C.sub.8-30 cycloalkanes and C.sub.8-30 branched alkanes; and wherein the amounts are based on the mass of the composition. Also provided is a method of producing the composition comprising the step of hydroprocessing a biological feedstock using a catalyst and the step of fractionating the product of the hydroprocessing step.

Catalytic compositions and sequential catalytic methods are generally described. In some embodiments, a composition comprises a first catalyst comprising a Cu-modified zeolite, and a second catalyst capable of a coupling reaction between (a) an intermediate resulting from a reaction of a reactant at the first catalyst, and (b) a co-reagent, wherein a rate of diffusion of the co-reagent within one or more cages and/or pores of the first catalyst is lower than a rate of diffusion of the intermediate within the one or more cages and/or pores of the first catalyst.

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

A catalyst, including a molecular sieve carrier and an active component. The active component includes: iron, manganese, copper, and a basic promoter potassium. The molecular sieve carrier is a cerium salt and/or praseodymium salt modified-aluminosilicate molecular sieve carrier and/or silica-rich molecular sieve carrier. A method for preparing a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, includes: 1) fully dissolving a ferric salt, a manganese salt, a copper salt, and an alkali or a salt containing potassium element in water to yield an aqueous solution, stirring and adding sodium lauryl sulfate to the aqueous solution, and continuing stirring to yield a uniform solution; and impregnating a modified molecular sieve in the uniform solution to yield a mixed solution; and 2) drying and calcining the mixed solution to yield the catalyst.

The present invention provides a composition comprising 10-40 mass! of C.sub.8-30 linear alkanes, up to 20 mass % of C.sub.7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons, at least 90 mass % of which are monoaromatic, and no more than 1 massl in total of oxygen containing compounds; wherein the total amount of C.sub.8-30 alkanes in the composition is 50-95 mass % (and the total amount of C.sub.8-30 alkanes, C.sub.7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons and C.sub.8-30 cycloalkanes is at least 95 massl; and wherein the amounts are based on the mass of the composition. Also provided is a method for producing the composition comprising the step of hydroprocessing a biological feedstock using a catalyst and the step of fractionating the product of the hydroprocessing step.

In a process for upgrading an ethane-containing C.sub.5 paraffin stream, the paraffin stream is contacted with an oxygen containing gas in the presence of a selective oxidation catalyst under conditions to selectively oxidize at least part of the ethane in the paraffin stream and produce a first product stream comprising ethylene. At least part of the first product stream is then with an oligomerization catalyst under conditions to oligomerize at least part of the ethylene and produce a second product stream comprising gasoline and/or distillate boiling range hydrocarbons. Gasoline and/or distillate boiling range hydrocarbons are then recovered from the second product stream and at least a part of any residual C.sub.5 paraffin stream is recycled to the selective oxidation step.

A process for upgrading an ethane-containing C.sub.5 paraffin stream comprises contacting the paraffin stream with an oxygen containing gas in the presence of a selective oxidation catalyst under conditions to selectively oxidize at least part of the ethane in the paraffin stream and produce a first product stream comprising ethylene. At least part of the first product stream may then be contacted with an isoparaffin-containing feed in the presence of a solid alkylation catalyst and under conditions to alkylate at least part of the isoparaffin with at least part of the ethylene and produce a second product stream comprising C.sub.6+ alkylate. Alternatively, at least part of the ethylene in the first product stream may be dimerized before the alkylation step.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a zeolite catalyst useful for aromatization of a lower alkane, a zeolite catalyst useful for aromatization of a lower alkane obtainable by said method and a process for aromatization of a lower alkane using the zeolite catalyst of the present invention.

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

A process for aromatizing hydrocarbons comprises: converting at least a portion of highly branched hydrocarbons in a feed stream into selectively convertible components, and aromatizing the selectively convertible components to produce an aromatization reactor effluent. The aromatization reactor effluent comprises an aromatic product. Converting at least the portion of the highly branched hydrocarbons into the selectively convertible components may include contacting the feed stream with an isomerization catalyst in an isomerization reaction system under isomerization reaction conditions; and isomerizing the portion of the highly branched hydrocarbons in the feed stream into the selectively convertible components.