A display device includes: a base substrate; a light emitting element on the base substrate; a thin film encapsulation layer on the light emitting element to encapsulate the light emitting element; a touch member on the thin film encapsulation layer; a color filter layer on the touch member; and a planarization layer on the color filter layer to cover the color filter layer, wherein the planarization layer includes a light absorber represented by Formula 1:
X—Ar—Y.  Formula 1

An object of the present invention is to provide an organic electroluminescent element having optimal light emitting characteristics. The above problem is solved by an organic electroluminescent element having a light emitting layer containing a compound of formula (1) or a multimer compound having a plurality of structures of formula (1) and a compound of formula (2).

##STR00001##

(In formula (1), ring A, ring B, and ring C each represent an aryl ring or the like, X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent O or N—R, and the R represents an aryl or the like. In formula (2), R.sup.1 to R.sup.10 each represent an aryl or the like.)

A composition contains an organic compound and an anthracene compound different from the organic compound, the anthracene compound having a hydrogen atom at at least one of positions 9 and 10, in which the concentration of the anthracene compound is 100 ppm or less. Additionally, a long-lived organic light-emitting device includes an organic compound layer containing a reduced concentration of the anthracene compound.

The present application provides a light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the electron transport layer includes a mixed layer including a first compound and a second compound, the first compound includes a C.sub.14-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, and a triplet energy of the first compound is about 2.0 electron volts or lower, the second compound includes a π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing C.sub.1-C.sub.60 cyclic group, and a triplet energy of the second compound is about 2.5 electron volts or greater, and the electron injection layer includes a metal halide and a lanthanum-based metal.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, safe and environmentally-friendly methods, such as flow chemistry, to synthesize isocyanates, such as methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and tetramethylxylene diisocyanate.

Provided are: a new sulfonium salt highly photosensitive to active energy ray, in particular, i-line or h-line; and a new photoacid generator which is highly photosensitive to i-line or h-line, and comprises a sulfonium salt that is highly soluble in a solvent and a cationically polymerizable compound such as an epoxy compound, and has excellent storage stability in the formulation. The present invention pertains to a sulfonium salt represented by general formula (1), and a photoacid generator comprising said sulfonium salt.

##STR00001##

A novel compound represented by formula (G1) is provided. ##STR00001##
In formula (G1), A represents a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic ring having 10 to 30 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed heteroaromatic ring having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and Z.sup.1 to Z.sup.3 each independently have a structure represented by formula (Z-1) or (Z-2). In formula (Z-1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent any one of an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having a bridge structure and having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, and a trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. In addition, Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.4 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms, and at least one of Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.4 has the same substituent as X.sup.1 or X.sup.2.

The present invention is to provide a light emitting material, for an organic EL device, exhibiting higher light emitting efficiency, and particularly, to provide a blue light emitting material, wherein the light emitting material comprises a compound of the following General Formula (1):

##STR00001## X is an aryl group including a tertiary amine structure, and Y is a phenyl group having an alkyl or aryl substituent at one ortho position.

A novel organic compound that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The organic compound is represented by General Formula (G1). Note that at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.26 represents deuterium. At least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 represents any one of an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, and an aryl group. The others of R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 each independently represent any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, and an aryl group. R.sup.8 to R.sup.26 each independently represent any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, and an aryl group. The alkyl group has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, the cycloalkyl group has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, the trialkylsilyl group has 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the aryl group has 6 to 25 carbon atoms.

A light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the interlayer includes a heterocyclic compound of Formula 1:

A.sub.1B.sub.1].sub.n1  Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, the variables are defined herein.