Disclosed herein are compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), methods of synthesizing compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), and methods of using compounds of Formulae (I) and (II) as an analgesic.

The invention is directed to methods of producing alkoxylated or hydroxylated terpenes comprising the steps of continuously passing a solution comprising an alcohol in combination with a terpene over an acidic resin catalyst in a packed bed reactor in order to yield a product, as well as compounds that are the products of the methods described herein.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.

Disclosed herein are compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), methods of synthesizing compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), and methods of using compounds of Formulae (I) and (II) as an analgesic.

Compounds of Formula (I) are estrogen receptor alpha modulators, where the variables in Formula (I) are described in the disclosure. Such compounds, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions thereof, are useful for treating diseases or conditions that are estrogen receptor alpha dependent and/or estrogen receptor alpha mediated, including conditions characterized by excessive cellular proliferation, such as breast cancer.

A process for the preparation of a class of molecules, namely bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and derivatives thereof by reaction of [1.1.1]propellane with a variety of reagents under irradiation and/or in the presence of radical initiators to obtain bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes asymmetrically substituted at position 1 and 3, which are useful as intermediates for the preparation of asymmetrically 1,3-disubstituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane derivatives and various physiologically active substances or materials containing these structures.

A variety of polycycloalkyl polynorbornene monomers and polymers derived therefrom are disclosed and claimed. The polymers and copolymers as disclosed herein are useful for forming pervaporation membranes, among other uses.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.

Described are improved linking agents that are useful for facilitating the attachment of targeting groups, pharmacokinetic (PK) enhancers or modifiers, or other delivery agents to oligonucleotides. The described linking agents may exhibit improved reaction yields, stability, and biological activity, particularly when used in connection with oligonucleotide-based compounds, such as RNA interference (RNAi) agents.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.