Provided is a catalyst for transesterification reactions, which contains an iron salen complex. Also provided is a method for producing an ester compound, which is characterized by carrying out a transesterification reaction between a starting material ester and a starting material alcohol with use of the catalyst.

The present invention provides turn-ON dioxetane-based chemiluminescence probes based on the Schapp's adamantylidene-dioxetane probe, which emit light in the near-infrared (NIR) region and are therefore useful for in vivo imaging, as well as compositions and uses thereof.

The present application relates to methods for the reduction of halogenated hydrocarbons using compounds of Formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein the reduction of the halogenated compounds is carried out, for example, under ambient conditions without the need for a transition metal containing co-factor. The present application also relates to methods of recovering precious metals using compounds of Formula (I) that are absorbed onto a support material.

The present invention relates to a compound inhibiting HF-1 activity, a preparation method of the same, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same as an active ingredient. The compound of the present invention demonstrates anticancer activity not by non-selective cytotoxicity but by inhibiting the activity of HIF-1, the transcription factor playing an important role in cancer cell growth and metastasis.

Accordingly, the compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to the present invention inhibits HIF-1 activity, and therefore can be used as a therapeutic agent for solid tumors such as colon cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer and breast cancer. In addition, the compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to the present invention can be used as an active ingredient for a therapeutic agent for diabetic retinopathy or arthritis which may become worse when hypoxia-induced VEGF expression by HIF-1 increases.

A method for making high density fuels including, heating a renewable plant oil, triglyceride, or fatty acid with at least one first acid catalyst to generate a first mixture of alkyladamantanes, increasing reaction time or adding at least one second catalysts to a first mixture of alkyladamantanes to produce a second alkyladamantane mixture, separating methyl, ethyl, propyl, and/or butyl adamantanes from a second alkyladamantane mixture to produce a third adamantane mixture to produce fuels.

The subject matter of the present invention is novel families of compounds which are aromatic amine, imine, aminoadamantane and benzodiazepine derivatives, medicaments comprising same and the use thereof as inhibitors of the toxic effects of toxins with intracellular activity, such as, for example, ricin, and of viruses that use the internalization pathway for infecting cells.

The radiation-sensitive resin composition contains: a polymer having a structural unit that includes an acid-labile group; and a compound represented by formula (1). In the formula (1), Ar.sup.1 represents a group obtained by removing (m+n+2) hydrogen atoms from an aromatic ring of an arene having 6 to 30 carbon atoms; —OH and —COO— are bonded at ortho positions to each other on a same benzene ring on Ar.sup.1; and R.sup.G represents a group represented by formula (V-1), a group represented by formula (V-2), a group including a lactone structure, a group including a cyclic carbonate structure, a group including a sultone structure, a group including a ketonic carbonyl group, a group including a thiocarbonate group, or a group including a group represented by formula (V-3), or the like. ##STR00001##

A monomer having a substituent group capable of polarity switch under the action of acid is provided. A useful polymer is obtained by polymerizing the monomer. A resist composition comprising the polymer has improved development properties and is processed to form a negative pattern having high resolution and etch resistance which is insoluble in alkaline developer.

Novel fluorinated benzenesulfonamides compounds of general formula (I) ##STR00001##
can be used in biomedicine as active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations, because they inhibit enzymes which participate in disease progression.

The present invention relates to fungicidal N-bicycloalkyl and N-tricycloalkyl pyrazole-4-(thio)carboxamide derivatives of formula (I), wherein T represents O or S; n represents 0 or 1; and B represents where the bond marked by * is attached to the (CZ2Z3)n-N amide moiety, their process of preparation and intermediate compounds for their preparation, their use as fungicides, particularly in the form of fungicidal compositions and methods for the control of phytopathogenic fungi of plants using these compounds or their compositions. ##STR00001##