Methods, apparatuses, and systems for robotic insertion of a screw, a rod, or another component of a surgical implant into a patient are disclosed. Synchronous insertion of screws is performed by multiple surgical robots or a single surgical robot having multiple arms and end effectors. The movements of each robotic arm are coordinated into position in preparation of the insertion of multiple surgical implant components at the same time or in the same surgical step. The insertion of the surgical implant components is performed while monitoring the insertion progress. The insertion is completed autonomously or in coordination with a surgeon.

A ventilation arrangement (1) comprises an induction device (2) and a control unit (3). The induction device (2) has an electro-magnetic field generator (21) with a coil design (211) configured to generate a spatial electro-magnetic field having a targeted shape. The control unit (3) is in communication with the induction device (2) and configured to control the induction device (2) to generate the electro-magnetic field. The electro-magnetic field generator (21) of the induction device (2) is configured to be positioned at a human or animal patient (5) such that, for activating a diaphragm of the patient (5), a Phrenic nerve of the patient (5) is stimulatable by the spatial electro-magnetic field generated by the coil design (211). The control unit (3) is connectable to a ventilation machine (6) to receive ventilation data about a ventilation of the patient (5). The control unit (3) is configured to evaluate the ventilation data and to operate the induction device (2) in accordance with the evaluated ventilation data.

In an example, a cryotherapy device includes an elongated shaft, and a cryotherapy delivery member coupled to a distal end of the elongated shaft. The cryotherapy delivery member is configured to apply, from a fixed position in a nasal cavity, thermal energy to at least one of a plurality of nerves in the nasal cavity or a plurality of branches of a nerve in the nasal cavity.

Methods, apparatuses, and systems for robotic insertion of a screw, a rod, or another component of a surgical implant into a patient are disclosed. Synchronous insertion of screws is performed by multiple surgical robots or a single surgical robot having multiple arms and end effectors. The movements of each robotic arm are coordinated into position in preparation of the insertion of multiple surgical implant components at the same time or in the same surgical step. The insertion of the surgical implant components is performed while monitoring the insertion progress. The insertion is completed autonomously or in coordination with a surgeon.

Embodiments include a cryogenic device for alleviating pain by cryogenically treating a nerve, the cryogenic device including a handpiece; a needle coupled to a distal end of the handpiece, the needle including a needle lumen, the needle being configured for insertion into a skin of a patient along an insertion axis at a site laterally displaced from a treatment zone proximate to the nerve. The needle is configured to resiliently bend after insertion away from the insertion axis, such that at least a portion of the needle is adapted to traverse a skin layer laterally toward the treatment zone. The device includes a cooling fluid supply tube extending distally into the needle lumen; and a cooling fluid source, wherein the cooling fluid source is coupled to the cooling fluid supply tube to direct cooling fluid into the needle lumen.

An apparatus includes a flexible electrically-insulating substrate including an inner surface and an outer surface. The substrate is shaped to define multiple channels passing between the inner surface and the outer surface, at least some of the channels being concave channels. The apparatus further includes an outer layer of an electrically-conducting metal covering at least part of the outer surface, an inner layer of the electrically-conducting metal covering at least part of the inner surface, and respective columns of the electrically-conducting metal that fill the channels such as to connect the outer layer to the inner layer.

A system for application of neurostimulation includes an outer sheath, an elongate inner member in the outer sheath and movable relative to the outer sheath. The inner lumen has a distal end. An expandable member is coupled to the distal end of the inner member and is in the outer sheath. The expandable member is self-expanding upon from a compressed state in the outer sheath to an expanded state out of the outer sheath. The expandable member includes a distal portion including a plurality of wires woven together and a proximal portion including the plurality of wires extending parallel to a longitudinal axis. The system includes a plurality of electrode assemblies outward of the expandable member and circumferentially spaced around the expandable member. Each electrode assembly is coupled to two of the wires extending parallel to the longitudinal axis. Each electrode assembly includes a plurality of longitudinally-spaced electrodes.

An intraluminal microneurography probe has a probe body configured to be introduced into an artery near an organ of a body without preventing the flow of blood through the artery. An expandable sense electrode and an expandable stimulation electrode are fixed to the probe body at one end of each electrode such that movement of the other end toward the fixed end causes the sense electrode to expand from the probe body toward a wall of the artery. A ground electrode is configured to couple to the body, and a plurality of electrical connections are operable to electrically couple the electrodes to electrical circuitry. The sense electrode is operable to measure sympathetic nerve activity in response to excitation of the stimulation electrode. A radio frequency ablation element is located between the expandable sense electrode and expandable stimulation electrode, and is operable to ablate nerves proximate to the artery.

A method and tool are described for relieving lower back pain via destruction and removal of suprapedicular tissues, particularly via the destruction and removal of the peridural membrane. The tool comprises a narrow tubular body having one of a plurality of tip designs at one end and a handle at the other end. The tool is inserted through the suprapedicular canal, and mechanical manipulation of the tool effects the destruction of the target tissues responsible for chronic lower back pain.

Method and apparatus for treating peripheral olfactory dysfunction are described herein. One method may include introducing a treatment device into a nasal cavity of the patient, the treatment device having a proximal end, a distal end, an elongated shaft therebetween, and a treatment end effector disposed on or near the distal end. The distal end of the treatment device may be advanced into proximity of a cribriform plate within the nasal cavity and at least one olfactory neuron may be ablated through the cribriform plate via the treatment end effector to reduce at least one symptom of olfactory dysfunction.