Embodiments of the present invention are directed to the treatment of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, end-stage renal disease, digestive disease, urological disease, cancers, tumors, pains, asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by delivering of an effective amount of formulations at desired temperature to target tissue. The formulations include gases, vapors, liquids, solutions, emulsions and suspensions of one or more ingredients. The temperature may enhance safety and efficacy of the formulations for the treatments. The amounts of the formulation and/or energy are effective to injury or damage the tissues to have a benefit of symptom relive.

An access device used with an endoscope includes an access pipe configured to be inserted into a sheath of the endoscope, a piercer disposed on a distal end portion of the access pipe and configured to pierce into a hollow organ through a digestive tract of a patient, and a treatment tool configured to be inserted into the access pipe and to be introduced into the hollow organ by the piercer. The access device is switchable between a first configuration and a second configuration. In the first configuration, a piercing function of the piercer is switched on, so that the piercer pierces the digestive tract and the hollow organ to enter into an interior of the hollow organ, and in the second configuration, the piercing function of the piercer is switched off, the piercer is kept connected to the interior of the hollow organ.

Disclosed herein are cryoablation devices and methods of using the same, including to ablate gallbladders. In certain implementations, the device is a catheter that has an expandable cryogen balloon for expansion within a gallbladder and at least one suction opening for applying suction within the gallbladder. According to other implementations, the device has a cryogen probe and a suction catheter slidably positioned on the probe.

A microwave ablation device including a cable assembly configured to connect a microwave ablation device to an energy source and a feedline in electrical communication with the cable assembly. The microwave ablation device further includes a balun on an outer conductor of the feedline, and a temperature sensor on the balun sensing the temperature of the balun.

An electrosurgical system that includes an electrosurgical generator arranged to supply microwave energy and an electroporation signal. The system includes an electrosurgical instrument insertable to a treatment region in biological tissue. The electrosurgical instrument includes a coaxial cable connected to the electrosurgical generator to receive microwave energy and the electroporation signal. The instrument includes a rod-shaped radiating tip portion coupled to a distal end of the coaxial cable to receive microwave energy and the electroporation signal, the radiating tip portion for radiating the microwave energy into the treatment region and for establishing an electric field using the electroporation signal to electroporate biological tissue. The instrument includes a conduit for conveying biological tissue away from the treatment region. The system includes a cytometer in fluid communication with the conduit to receive biological tissue, the cytometer for detecting the presence of a first predetermined cell type in the received biological tissue.

The disclosed apparatus, systems and methods relate to an endoscopic devices configured to house a telescope and having a rotating tube configured for the application of suction or laser excision. A flexion cartridge can be provided that allows for the flexion of a laser for positioning in the surgical theater. The rotating tube is configured to rotate the laser around the scope tube.

The treatment tool including: a tube including a lumen extending in a longitudinal axis of the tube; a wire inserted into the lumen and extending along the longitudinal axis of the tube; a first handle connected to a proximal end portion of the wire; a second handle attached to a proximal end portion of the tube. In a first configuration, the first handle is rotatable relative to the second handle about a rotation axis. In a second configuration, the first handle is non-rotatable relative to the second handle when an applied force applied to the first handle in a rotation direction is equal to or less than a predetermined amount. The first handle is rotatable relative to the second handle when the applied force is greater than the predetermined amount.

Ablation catheters and systems include flexible catheter tips with a distal needle or ports for delivery of an ablative agent to a target tissue. Pressure monitoring during ablation ensure operation is performed within safe limits and with desired efficacy. Positioning elements help maintain the devices in the proper position with respect to the target tissue and also prevent the passage of ablative agent to normal tissues.

An instrument for endoscopic applications, including urology. The instrument may include both irrigation and aspiration channels, effective attraction and suction of tissue and body stone fragments, enhanced viewing clarity of the operational area, illumination fibers with steering function for flexible version of the scopes. In some embodiments, a distal head is configured to locate a mouth of the working channel within a viewing angle of the visualization system. In some embodiments, a transparent cap is disposed at the distal end of endoscope to provide an enhanced view of the operational area. Irrigation and aspiration channels may be arranged so that consistent water flow will attract tissue and body stone particles and remove heated liquid. Illumination fibers may be utilized as pull linkages or push-pull linkages for deflection and steering of flexible embodiments of the scope.

Systems, devices, and methods for identifying a target in a body using a spectroscopic feedback from the target are disclosed. An exemplary surgical feedback control system comprises a feedback analyzer configured to receive a reflected signal from a target in response to electromagnetic radiation directed at a target, and a controller in operative communication with the feedback analyzer. The controller can generate a control signal to a surgical system to perform a predetermined operation based upon the received reflected signal, including determining a composition of the target, or programming a laser setting to direct laser energy to the target.