The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) (in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or G.sup.1-substituted C1-6 alkyl group or the like, A represents an oxygen atom or the like, Cy represents a C6-10 aryl group or the like), an N-oxide compound thereof, a tautomer or salt thereof. The present invention also provides an agricultural and horticultural fungicide, harmful organism control agent and insecticidal/acaricidal agent containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by formula (I), a tautomer and salt thereof, as an active ingredient.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) (in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 each represent a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted or G.sup.1-substituted C1-6 alkyl group or the like, A represents an oxygen atom or the like, Cy represents a C6-10 aryl group or the like), an N-oxide compound thereof, a tautomer or salt thereof. The present invention also provides an agricultural and horticultural fungicide, harmful organism control agent and insecticidal/acaricidal agent containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by formula (I), a tautomer and salt thereof, as an active ingredient.

##STR00001##

Deoxynojirimycin and deoxygalactonojirimycin derivatives according to the present invention are N-alkylated D-galacto, D-gluco- or L-ido-deoxynojirimycin with a linear methyloxypentyl group bearing various sidegroups and a non-fused bicyclic aromatic group (X) on the methyloxy-carbon. These compounds display an increased inhibitory potency towards GCS, and/or an increased inhibitory potency towards GBA2, and/or a decreased inhibitory potency towards GBA1, relative to known deoxynojirimycin derivatives of the same (D-gluco, L-ido or D-galacto) configuration. Therefore, compounds of the present invention are effective in the treatment of diseases which are associated with an irregular level of cytosolic or lysosomal glucosylceramide and/or higher glycosphingolipids, such as a lysosomal storage disorder, such as Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease, GM1 gangliosidosis, Sialidosis, Niemann Pick disease type C and AMRF, or a symptom of one of the diseases collectively classed as metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, polycystic kidney disease, type II diabetes and chronic inflammation, or a neurodenegerative disorder, such as Parkinson disease or Lewy-body dementia.

Deoxynojirimycin and deoxygalactonojirimycin derivatives according to the present invention are N-alkylated D-galacto, D-gluco- or L-ido-deoxynojirimycin with a linear methyloxypentyl group bearing various sidegroups and a non-fused bicyclic aromatic group (X) on the methyloxy-carbon. These compounds display an increased inhibitory potency towards GCS, and/or an increased inhibitory potency towards GBA2, and/or a decreased inhibitory potency towards GBA1, relative to known deoxynojirimycin derivatives of the same (D-gluco, L-ido or D-galacto) configuration. Therefore, compounds of the present invention are effective in the treatment of diseases which are associated with an irregular level of cytosolic or lysosomal glucosylceramide and/or higher glycosphingolipids, such as a lysosomal storage disorder, such as Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease, GM1 gangliosidosis, Sialidosis, Niemann Pick disease type C and AMRF, or a symptom of one of the diseases collectively classed as metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, polycystic kidney disease, type II diabetes and chronic inflammation, or a neurodenegerative disorder, such as Parkinson disease or Lewy-body dementia.

The present application provide novel iminosugars and their use in treatment of viral infections, such as Dengue infection and Influenza A infection. The present inventors discovered certain deoxynojirimycin derivatives may be effective against one or more viruses, which may be, for example, a Dengue virus and/or a virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, such as an Influenza A virus. In particular, such deoxynojirimycin derivatives may be useful for treating a disease or condition caused by or associated with one or more viruses. In certain embodiments, the deoxynojirimycin derivatives may increase a survival rate or probability for a subject infected with one or more viruses, which may be, for example, a Dengue virus and/or a virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, such as an Influenza A virus.

The present application provide novel iminosugars and their use in treatment of viral infections, such as Dengue infection and Influenza A infection. The present inventors discovered certain deoxynojirimycin derivatives may be effective against one or more viruses, which may be, for example, a Dengue virus and/or a virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, such as an Influenza A virus. In particular, such deoxynojirimycin derivatives may be useful for treating a disease or condition caused by or associated with one or more viruses. In certain embodiments, the deoxynojirimycin derivatives may increase a survival rate or probability for a subject infected with one or more viruses, which may be, for example, a Dengue virus and/or a virus belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, such as an Influenza A virus.

Substituted aromatic sulfonamides of formula (I) pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds and the use of said compounds for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease.

##STR00001##

Provided herein are small molecule compounds of the following formula (I): or a stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, ester or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A, B, C, L.sub.1, L.sub.2, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.3, w, x, y and z are as defined herein. Methods for treating diseases/ disorders by antagonizing muscarinic receptors, including specifically antagonizing muscarinic receptor 4 (M4), are also disclosed. Such diseases/disorders are e.g. neurological diseases/disorders such as e.g. Alzheimer's Disease, Lewy Body Dementia and the cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia, Parkinson's Disease, drug induced Parkinsonism, dyskinesias, dystonia, chorea, levodopa induced dyskinesia, cerebral palsy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Huntington's disease. Preferred compounds are e.g. N-[2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-(pyrazin-2-yl)-piperazine-1-carboxamide derivatives and related compounds wherein the pyrazine has been replaced by e.g. pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyridine or phenyl.

##STR00001##

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, N-oxides of the compounds and salts of the compounds and N-oxides: ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, J, Y.sup.1, and Y.sup.2 are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds, N-oxides and salts, and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of such a compound. N-oxide, salt or composition.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, N-oxides of the compounds and salts of the compounds and N-oxides: ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, J, Y.sup.1, and Y.sup.2 are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds, N-oxides and salts, and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of such a compound. N-oxide, salt or composition.