The invention provides topical compositions and methods for using the compositions. The compositions can be used for the treatment of fibrotic or connective tissue disorders involving scarring, sub-dermal plaque accumulations, or fibrosis of muscle tissue. The disorders can be painlessly treated by the topical application of a composition described herein. One or more calcium channel blocker agents can serve as an active ingredient of the compositions, optionally in combination with, for example, one or more of emu oil and superoxide dismutase. The composition can further include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers that can facilitate the non-invasive transdermal delivery of the active(s) to subdermal sites.

The invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1)

##STR00001##

wherein X is CH.sub.2 or an oxygen atom, Y is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.1 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, R.sup.2 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or the like, or salts thereof, pest control agents containing the compound as an active ingredient, and methods of use thereof. The compound can be useful, for example, as an agrohorticultural insect pest control agent in the production of crops in agriculture, an ectoparasite control agent for animals, and an endoparasite control agent for animals.

The invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1)

##STR00001##

wherein X is CH.sub.2 or an oxygen atom, Y is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.1 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, R.sup.2 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or the like, or salts thereof, pest control agents containing the compound as an active ingredient, and methods of use thereof. The compound can be useful, for example, as an agrohorticultural insect pest control agent in the production of crops in agriculture, an ectoparasite control agent for animals, and an endoparasite control agent for animals.

A method for preparing formamide compounds via hydrogenation of carbon dioxide catalyzed by porous materials includes the following steps: by taking porous organometallic polymers as catalysts, reacting amine compounds with carbon dioxide and hydrogen under an air atmosphere to prepare formamide compounds. The method has the advantages of high reaction efficiency, good selectivity, mild conditions, economy, environmental protection, and simple operation. The catalysts are solid organometallic polymers with large specific surface area, strong carbon dioxide adsorption, hierarchical pore distribution, and uniformly dispersed metal centers. They are designed and synthesized as the reaction catalysts by changing the proportion of the cross-linked comonomer. The catalysts can be especially used for catalytic synthesis of fine chemical N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) without addition of any additional solvent, alkali, or other additives, which is convenient for separation and purification of DMF.

The present invention aims to provide a medicament capable of treating and/or preventing diseases associated with oxidative stress by inhibiting the protein-protein interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 and activating Nrf2. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as described in the DESCRIPTION, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In addition, the present invention also relates to a medicament containing the aforementioned compound, for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving oxidative stress selected from the group consisting of chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, radiation skin disorder, radiation mucosal disorder, cardiac failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension, Parkinson's disease, Friedreich's ataxia, multiple sclerosis, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma.

The present invention aims to provide a medicament capable of treating and/or preventing diseases associated with oxidative stress by inhibiting the protein-protein interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 and activating Nrf2. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as described in the DESCRIPTION, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In addition, the present invention also relates to a medicament containing the aforementioned compound, for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases involving oxidative stress selected from the group consisting of chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, radiation skin disorder, radiation mucosal disorder, cardiac failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension, Parkinson's disease, Friedreich's ataxia, multiple sclerosis, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma.

Amlodipine mesylate monohydrate, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The described amlodipine mesylate monohydrate has high purity, has good fluidity and compressibility, and is suitable for direct tableting processing by a high-speed tablet press.

Amlodipine mesylate monohydrate, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The described amlodipine mesylate monohydrate has high purity, has good fluidity and compressibility, and is suitable for direct tableting processing by a high-speed tablet press.

Compounds represented by formula (I) below ##STR00001##
and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof and solvates of them; pharmaceutical compositions and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-filamin complex formation inhibitors containing them; and uses of the compounds, salts, solvates, pharmaceutical compositions, and (Drp1)-filamin complex formation inhibitors for use as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent.

Compounds represented by formula (I) below ##STR00001##
and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof and solvates of them; pharmaceutical compositions and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-filamin complex formation inhibitors containing them; and uses of the compounds, salts, solvates, pharmaceutical compositions, and (Drp1)-filamin complex formation inhibitors for use as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent.