Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's will extend the buffering range, derivatives that result in polyamines that have the same pKa yields a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.

Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's will extend the buffering range, derivatives that result in polyamines that have the same pKa yields a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.

An ionic liquid compound includes an azepanium-functionalized cation. An electrochemical cell electrolyte for an electrical energy storage device includes the ionic liquid compound, aprotic organic solvent, alkali metal salt and an additive.

An ionic liquid compound includes an azepanium-functionalized cation. An electrochemical cell electrolyte for an electrical energy storage device includes the ionic liquid compound, aprotic organic solvent, alkali metal salt and an additive.

This invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) wherein Cy.sup.1, L.sup.1, Y, R.sup.1, L.sup.2, and Ar2 are defined herein, for the treatment of cancers, inflammatory disorders, and neurological conditions. ##STR00001##

This invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) wherein Cy.sup.1, L.sup.1, Y, R.sup.1, L.sup.2, and Ar2 are defined herein, for the treatment of cancers, inflammatory disorders, and neurological conditions. ##STR00001##

An AdipoR activator for activating both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 is provided. A compound represented by the following formula (1), wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or the like, Y.sup.1 is (CHR.sup.2).sub.a— or the like, X is CH or N, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-7 alkyl group, m is an integer of 0-4, Y.sup.2 is *—O—CH.sub.2—CONH—, *—CONH—(CH.sub.2).sub.b—CO— or the like, Z is a cyclic group, B may be a substituent of the cyclic group represented by Z, and n is an integer of 0-3.

##STR00001##

An AdipoR activator for activating both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 is provided. A compound represented by the following formula (1), wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or the like, Y.sup.1 is (CHR.sup.2).sub.a— or the like, X is CH or N, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-7 alkyl group, m is an integer of 0-4, Y.sup.2 is *—O—CH.sub.2—CONH—, *—CONH—(CH.sub.2).sub.b—CO— or the like, Z is a cyclic group, B may be a substituent of the cyclic group represented by Z, and n is an integer of 0-3.

##STR00001##

Chemical agents, such as disulfonamide derivatives of fluorene, anthracene, xanthene, dibenzosuberone and acridine, and similar heterocyclic ring structures; including, salts thereof that act as anti-cancer and anti-tumor agents, along with methods for preparing such agents, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing such agents as active ingredients and methods of using these as therapeutic agents.

Compounds that are not related to NAD, and which target PARP1-histone H4 interaction are provided, as well as compositions of these compounds, and methods for specific inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) using these compounds are provided. These PARP-1 inhibitors may be used to treat cancer in which PARP-1 activation or biologic activity plays a role, including prostate cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and glioblastoma, among others.