Production of a high efficiency arthropod repellent by chemically transforming a substance used by mosquitoes as an attractant, the lactic acid, as well as lactates, in this case (S)-ethyl lactate, which is an essential attractant for A. aegypti females. The hydroxyl functional group of lactic acid must be transformed into esters, and the carboxylic acid functional group into amides, since esters and amides are functional groups already present in other repellents, such as in the structure of DEET, IR 3535 and dimethyl phthalate. The ester functional group of (S)-ethyl lactate must undergo a reaction in which the acyl functional group is substituted by an amine of interest and the hydroxyl functional group must be acylated. The structure of an attractant, or a derivative thereof, is transformed into a high efficiency repellent.

Production of a high efficiency arthropod repellent by chemically transforming a substance used by mosquitoes as an attractant, the lactic acid, as well as lactates, in this case (S)-ethyl lactate, which is an essential attractant for A. aegypti females. The hydroxyl functional group of lactic acid must be transformed into esters, and the carboxylic acid functional group into amides, since esters and amides are functional groups already present in other repellents, such as in the structure of DEET, IR 3535 and dimethyl phthalate. The ester functional group of (S)-ethyl lactate must undergo a reaction in which the acyl functional group is substituted by an amine of interest and the hydroxyl functional group must be acylated. The structure of an attractant, or a derivative thereof, is transformed into a high efficiency repellent.

Described are methods for preparing a deuterated aldehyde using with a photocatalyst and a hydrogen atom transfer agent in a H.sub.2O free solvent comprising D.sub.2O and an organic solvent under an inert gas. The methods may be used to convert a wide variety of aldehydes (e.g., aryl, alkyl, or alkenyl aldehydes) to C-1 deuterated aldehydes under mild reaction conditions.

The present invention relates to: a disubstituted adamantyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an anticancer pharmaceutical composition and a kit containing same as an active ingredient. The disubstituted adamantyl derivative according to the present invention suppresses the growth of cancer cells by targeting mitochondria ETC complex I and damaging the metabolism of cancer cells, and thus can be useful as an anticancer pharmaceutical composition that is a powerful therapeutic agent for cancer dependent on oxidative phosphorylation for producing ATP.

Provided herein are compounds of Formulae (RL), (I), (II), (HI), (IV), and (V), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, polymorphs, co-crystals, tautomers, stereoisomers, prodrugs, and isotopically labeled derivatives thereof. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits, and methods involving the inventive compounds for the treatment of metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, obesity). The compound are useful as substrate selective inhibitors of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE).

##STR00001##

Provided herein are compounds of Formulae (RL), (I), (II), (HI), (IV), and (V), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, polymorphs, co-crystals, tautomers, stereoisomers, prodrugs, and isotopically labeled derivatives thereof. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits, and methods involving the inventive compounds for the treatment of metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, obesity). The compound are useful as substrate selective inhibitors of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE).

##STR00001##

A compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is described, wherein the substituents are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and method of using the same are also described.

##STR00001##

The present technology relates to compounds of any one of Formula I, II, IIa, III, IV, and/or V as described herein and their tautomers and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, compositions, and methods of uses thereof.

The present technology relates to compounds of any one of Formula I, II, IIa, III, IV, and/or V as described herein and their tautomers and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, compositions, and methods of uses thereof.

The present invention provides compounds useful in treating or preventing inflammation, acne, bacterial conditions and promoting the appearance of healthy skin and compositions including these compounds.