Provided herein are compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the integrated stress response (ISR) and for treating related diseases; disorders and conditions.

Provided herein are compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the integrated stress response (ISR) and for treating related diseases; disorders and conditions.

The present invention provides compounds useful in treating or preventing inflammation, acne, bacterial conditions and promoting the appearance of healthy skin and compositions including these compounds.

The present disclosure relates to novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and methods of using the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treating neurodegerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline. Methods for inhibiting synapse number decline or membrane trafficking abnormalities associated with exposure of a neuronal cell to Abeta species are also disclosed.

A compound represented by general formula (I) (in the formula, all symbols are as described in the description) or a salt thereof has a potent nerve-protecting and/or -repairing activity, and therefore can be used as a therapeutic agent for neuropathy (e.g., chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, periarteritis nodosa, allergic vasculitis, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, entrapment neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy associated with the administration of a chemotherapeutic drug, or peripheral neuropathy associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease). ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11 and G are as defined herein; and wherein the compound of formula (I) is optionally present as an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds are suitable for use as herbicides. The invention therefore also relates to a method of controlling weeds, especially grassy monocotyledonous weeds, in crops of useful plants, comprising applying a compound of formula (I), or a herbicidal composition comprising such a compound, to the plants or to the locus thereof.

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A compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c) wherein: n is 1 or 2; R.sup.N is H or Me; R.sup.1 is optionally one or more halo or methyl groups; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2b are independently selected from the group consisting of: (i) F; (ii) H; (iii) Me; and (iv) CH.sub.2OH; R.sup.2c and R.sup.2d (if present) are independently selected from the group consisting of: (i) F; (ii) H; (iii) Me; and (iv) CH.sub.2OH; R.sup.3a and R.sup.3b are independently selected from H and Me; R.sup.4a is selected from OH, —NH.sub.2, —C(═O)NH.sub.2, and —CH.sub.2OH; R.sup.4b is either H or Me; R.sup.5 is either H or Me; A is either (i) optionally substituted phenyl; (ii) optionally substituted naphthyl; or (iii) optionally substituted C.sub.5-12 heteroaryl.

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Compounds, compositions, and formulations, and accompanying methods useful for treating disorders arising from oxidative DNA damage, including oxidative DNA damage resulting from ionizing radiation or other therapy are described herein.

The present invention generally relates to a process for selective and direct activation and subsequent amidation of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids to afford an amide R.sup.3CONR.sup.1R.sup.2. That the process is capable of delivering gaseous or low-boiling point amines provides a major advantage over existing methodologies, which involves an intermediate of triacyloxyborane-amine complex [(R.sup.3CO.sub.2).sub.3—B—NHR.sup.1R.sup.2]. This procedure readily produces primary, secondary, and tertiary amides, and is compatible with the chirality of the acid and amine involved. The preparation of known pharmaceutical molecules and intermediates has also been demonstrated.

An AdipoR activator for activating both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 is provided. A compound represented by the following formula (1), wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or the like, Y.sup.1 is (CHR.sup.2).sub.a— or the like, X is CH or N, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-7 alkyl group, m is an integer of 0-4, Y.sup.2 is *—O—CH.sub.2—CONH—, *—CONH—(CH.sub.2).sub.b—CO— or the like, Z is a cyclic group, B may be a substituent of the cyclic group represented by Z, and n is an integer of 0-3.

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