Disclosed herein are secondary amine compounds that inhibit tRNA synthetase. The compounds of the invention are useful in inhibiting tRNA synthetase in Gram-negative bacteria and are useful in killing Gram-negative bacteria. The secondary amine compounds of the invention are also useful in the treatment of tuberculosis.

A compound represented by general formula (I) (in the formula, all symbols are as described in the description) or a salt thereof has a potent nerve-protecting and/or -repairing activity, and therefore can be used as a therapeutic agent for neuropathy (e.g., chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, periarteritis nodosa, allergic vasculitis, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, entrapment neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy associated with the administration of a chemotherapeutic drug, or peripheral neuropathy associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease). ##STR00001##

The invention provides amides that inhibit cellular necrosis and/or human receptor interacting protein 1 kinase (RIP1), including corresponding sulfonamides, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrides and stereoisomers thereof. The compounds are employed in pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and use, including treating a person in need thereof with an effective amount of the compound or composition, and detecting a resultant improvement in the person's health or condition.

Compounds comprising piperazines, piperidines, spiro-furanopiperidines, and analogs thereof are provided that are modulators, such as positive allosteric modulators, of one or more subclasses of vasopressin receptors. The compounds can be selective modulators of one or more subclasses of vasopressin receptors. Compounds of the invention can be used in the treatment of a condition wherein modulating a vasopressin receptor is medically indicated for treatment of the condition.

Compounds comprising piperazines, piperidines, spiro-furanopiperidines, and analogs thereof are provided that are modulators, such as positive allosteric modulators, of one or more subclasses of vasopressin receptors. The compounds can be selective modulators of one or more subclasses of vasopressin receptors. Compounds of the invention can be used in the treatment of a condition wherein modulating a vasopressin receptor is medically indicated for treatment of the condition.

Provided herein are (phenylene)dialkanamines, and methods of producing such (phenylene)dialkanamines from various furanyl and benzyl compounds. Such furanyl compounds may include, for example, bis(nitroalkyl)furans, bis(aminoalkyl)furans, and nitroalkyl(furan)acetonitriles. Such compounds may include, for example, bis(nitroalkyl)benzenes. Provided herein are also alkyldiamines, and methods for producing such alkyldiamines from furanyl compounds.

Disclosed are a method for producing a highly reactive intermediate, which comprises: preparing an electron-accepting active compound (1), preparing a piezoelectric material (3), and applying mechanical strain to the piezoelectric material (3) in the presence of the electron-accepting active compound (1) and the piezoelectric material (3), and subjecting the compound (1) to one-electron reduction to generate a corresponding highly reactive intermediate; a redox reaction method using the method for producing the same; and a method for producing a redox reaction product.

The present disclosure is directed to methods of making non-ionic, amphiphilic surfactants from 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural, furan-2,5-dimethanol and bis-2,5-dihydroxymethyltetrahydrofurans and the novel compounds that are made from those methods.

The present disclosure is directed to methods of making non-ionic, amphiphilic surfactants from 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural, furan-2,5-dimethanol and bis-2,5-dihydroxymethyltetrahydrofurans and the novel compounds that are made from those methods.

RhlR modulators including agonist and antagonists which are useful for modulating QS phenotypes in Gram-negative bacteria. Certain compounds of general formula A-W-HG having various carbocyclic ad heterocyclic head groups (HG) and various tail groups (A), where —W— is —CO—NH—, —SO.sub.2—NH—, —CO—NH—CH.sub.2—, or —SO.sub.2—NH—CH.sub.2— are RhlR agonists or antagonists. The compounds are useful in methods of modulating quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in Pseudomonas. Compositions including certain RhlR modulators are useful for decreasing the virulence of Gram-negative bacteria. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising certain RhlR modulators are useful for treatment of infections of Gram-negative bacteria.