This invention relates to a process for making a polycondensation pre-polyester, a polyester or both, comprising the following steps: A. Acylation of at least one diacid chloride with at least one alcohol to form at least one diester; B. Partial hydrolysis of the diester product of Step A to form at least one monoacid; C. Esterifying the monoacid of Step B with at least one diol to form a diester; D. Reacting the diester of Step C under acidic conditions to form a diacid; and subsequently, performing either Step E or Step F as follows: E. Bisalkylation of the diacid of Step D with at least one haloalcohol to form a pentamer, or F. Esterifiying the diacid of Step D under esterification conditions with at least one diol to form a pentamer, provided that the diol is not the same as the diol used in Step C.

A process for preparing 5-(alkoxycarbonyl)furan-2-carboxylic acids (ACFC) by oxidizing various furcates in the pres-ence of a catalyst containing cobalt, manganese, and bromine, and a solvent while simultaneously removing water vapor from the reaction chamber. The process can produce ACFC with high purity and low color, and in high yield.

A process for preparing 5-(alkoxycarbonyl)furan-2-carboxylic acids (ACFC) by oxidizing various furcates in the pres-ence of a catalyst containing cobalt, manganese, and bromine, and a solvent while simultaneously removing water vapor from the reaction chamber. The process can produce ACFC with high purity and low color, and in high yield.

A method is provided of preparing a compound of formula II: where: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from —CH2OR′, —CHO, —COOR′ and —H, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not both —H; and R′ is selected from —H and C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbyl groups, from a compound of formula I: the compounds of formulas I and II being optionally in the form of a salt. The method comprises dehydrating the compound of formula I at: a pH in the range of from 0 to 6 or 8 to 11.5; and a temperature in the range of from 10 to 80° C. The method is particularly useful for synthesizing substituted furans from compounds derived from sugars. ##STR00001##

A method is provided of preparing a compound of formula II: where: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from —CH2OR′, —CHO, —COOR′ and —H, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not both —H; and R′ is selected from —H and C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbyl groups, from a compound of formula I: the compounds of formulas I and II being optionally in the form of a salt. The method comprises dehydrating the compound of formula I at: a pH in the range of from 0 to 6 or 8 to 11.5; and a temperature in the range of from 10 to 80° C. The method is particularly useful for synthesizing substituted furans from compounds derived from sugars. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a novel antibiotic compound represented by the following formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an ester thereof, a prodrug thereof, a solvate thereof, or a deuterated analog thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof. The compound of the present invention exhibits excellent antibacterial activity, especially against Gram bacteria. ##STR00001##
wherein each group is defined as in the description.

An object is to provide a compound having β-lactamase inhibitory activity. The object is achieved by a compound represented by formula (1), typified by a compound in which specific positions of a 5-membered ring having planarity are replaced by sulfamoyl and carboxy groups.

A class of compounds useful in pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating or preventing cancer is described. Analogs of Mycalolide B have been prepared and tested in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. The compounds show utility for inhibition of survival and proliferation of tumor cells. The compounds have been shown to disrupt actin.

Provided are compounds that target the lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 pathway. The compounds can be used to treat a number of conditions, including infectious disease, autoimmune disease, diabetes, and a chronic inflammatory disease.

Provided are compounds that target the lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 pathway. The compounds can be used to treat a number of conditions, including infectious disease, autoimmune disease, diabetes, and a chronic inflammatory disease.