The present disclosure provides γ-diketones or analogs thereof, that activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and thus treat or prevent diseases related to signal transduction, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthropathy; osteogenesis imperfecta, bone defects, bone fractures, periodontal disease, otosclerosis, wound healing, craniofacial defects, oncolytic bone disease, traumatic brain injuries or spine injuries, brain atrophy/neurological disorders related to the differentiation and development of the central nervous system, including Parkinson's disease, strokes, ischemic cerebral disease, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia; otic disorders like cochlear hair cell loss; eye diseases such as age related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema or retinitis pigmentosa and diseases related to differentiation and growth of stem cell, such as hair loss, hematopoiesis related diseases and tissue regeneration related diseases.

Compounds of Formula I, Formula II, and Formula III and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed. The variables X, a, b, c, d, R.sup.1-4, R.sup.10-15 and R.sup.17-22 are disclosed herein. The compounds are useful for treating cancer disorders, especially those involving M2 phenotype of macrophages. Pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of Formula I or Formula II or Formula III and methods of treatment comprising administering compounds of Formula I and Formula II and Formula III are also disclosed.

Compounds of Formula I, Formula II, and Formula III and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed. The variables X, a, b, c, d, R.sup.1-4, R.sup.10-15 and R.sup.17-22 are disclosed herein. The compounds are useful for treating cancer disorders, especially those involving M2 phenotype of macrophages. Pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of Formula I or Formula II or Formula III and methods of treatment comprising administering compounds of Formula I and Formula II and Formula III are also disclosed.

The invention provides novel heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment that modulate levels of MIF expression and treat disorders associated with high or low levels of MIF expression.

The invention provides novel heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment that modulate levels of MIF expression and treat disorders associated with high or low levels of MIF expression.

The present disclosure includes compositions and methods for improved DNA amplification reactions. In particular, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for hot-start PCR applications using DNA polymerase inhibitors that minimize non-specific DNA amplification by inactivating DNA polymerase at lower temperatures.

The present disclosure includes compositions and methods for improved DNA amplification reactions. In particular, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for hot-start PCR applications using DNA polymerase inhibitors that minimize non-specific DNA amplification by inactivating DNA polymerase at lower temperatures.

This disclosure relates generally to cannabinoid derivatives of formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and methods of using the cannabinoid derivatives for the treatment of conditions associated with cannabinoid receptor.

The present application describes process for preparing an ortho-allylated hydroxy aryl compounds such as compounds of Formula (I) by reacting an allylic alcohol with a hydroxy aryl compound in the presence of aluminum compound selected from alumina and aluminum alkoxides and in a non-protic solvent wherein at least one carbon atom ortho to the hydroxy group in the hydroxy aryl compound is unsubstituted. The present application also includes compounds of Formula (I).

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The present application describes process for preparing an ortho-allylated hydroxy aryl compounds such as compounds of Formula (I) by reacting an allylic alcohol with a hydroxy aryl compound in the presence of aluminum compound selected from alumina and aluminum alkoxides and in a non-protic solvent wherein at least one carbon atom ortho to the hydroxy group in the hydroxy aryl compound is unsubstituted. The present application also includes compounds of Formula (I).

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