Novel direct thrombin inhibitors are provided herein, along with methods for their use as anticoagulants. The direct thrombin inhibitors described herein are useful in treating and/or preventing thromboembolism and bleeding or clotting disorders. Also provided herein are methods for inhibiting thrombin in a cell using the compounds and compositions described herein.

Novel direct thrombin inhibitors are provided herein, along with methods for their use as anticoagulants. The direct thrombin inhibitors described herein are useful in treating and/or preventing thromboembolism and bleeding or clotting disorders. Also provided herein are methods for inhibiting thrombin in a cell using the compounds and compositions described herein.

The present invention provides for compounds of formula (I)

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, m, Z, G.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated and modulated by CFTR, including cystic fibrosis, Sjögren's syndrome, pancreatic insufficiency, chronic obstructive lung disease, and chronic obstructive airway disease. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprised of one or more compounds of formula (I).

The present invention provides for compounds of formula (I)

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, m, Z, G.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated and modulated by CFTR, including cystic fibrosis, Sjögren's syndrome, pancreatic insufficiency, chronic obstructive lung disease, and chronic obstructive airway disease. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprised of one or more compounds of formula (I).

Provided is a method for preparing an enamide compound, which includes reacting an organic azide compound having α-hydrogen and an anhydride by addition of a ruthenium complex catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid, and a ruthenium complex catalyst used herein.

Provided is a method for preparing an enamide compound, which includes reacting an organic azide compound having α-hydrogen and an anhydride by addition of a ruthenium complex catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid, and a ruthenium complex catalyst used herein.

Subject of the invention is a method for enantioselective production of an isoflavane from an isoflavone, comprising the steps: (a) selectively reducing the isoflavone, such that the 4-keto group of the isoflavone is converted to a 4-hydroxy group, and the 2,3-double bond of the isoflavone is converted to a 2,3-single bond, thereby obtaining a 4-hydroxy intermediate, and (b) reacting the 4-hydroxy intermediate with a chiral reagent, such that a chiral group is covalently attached to the C4-position of the 4-hydroxy intermediate, thereby obtaining a chiral intermediate. The invention also relates to intermediates of formulae (IV), (V), (VI) and (VII) obtainable in the inventive process.

##STR00001##

Subject of the invention is a method for enantioselective production of an isoflavane from an isoflavone, comprising the steps: (a) selectively reducing the isoflavone, such that the 4-keto group of the isoflavone is converted to a 4-hydroxy group, and the 2,3-double bond of the isoflavone is converted to a 2,3-single bond, thereby obtaining a 4-hydroxy intermediate, and (b) reacting the 4-hydroxy intermediate with a chiral reagent, such that a chiral group is covalently attached to the C4-position of the 4-hydroxy intermediate, thereby obtaining a chiral intermediate. The invention also relates to intermediates of formulae (IV), (V), (VI) and (VII) obtainable in the inventive process.

##STR00001##

Disclosed herein are new antiviral compounds, together with pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more antiviral compounds, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a paramyxovirus viral infection with one or more small molecule compounds. Examples of paramyxovirus infection include an infection caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Disclosed herein are new antiviral compounds, together with pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more antiviral compounds, and methods of synthesizing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of ameliorating and/or treating a paramyxovirus viral infection with one or more small molecule compounds. Examples of paramyxovirus infection include an infection caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).