An organic molecule having a structure of formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein T and V is independently from another selected from the group consisting of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2; and R.sup.1 has a structure of formula II:

##STR00002## which is bonded via the position marked by the dotted line, wherein Ar.sup.1 is C.sub.6-C.sub.60-aryl.

The present invention provides soluble, stable singlet fission (SF) compounds, compositions, materials, methods of their use, and methods for their preparation that provide efficient intramolecular singlet fission (iSF) and multiple excitons. The SF compound may be a dimer, an oligomer, or a polymer of polyoligoacenes, where for example, the compound achieves a triplet yield reaching about 200% per absorbed photon. In this system, SF does not depend on intermolecular inter-actions. Instead, SF is an intrinsic property of the molecule and therefore occurs independent of intermolecular interactions. Singlet fission has the potential to significantly improve the photocurrent in single junction solar cells and thus raise the Shockley-Queisser power conversion efficiency limit from about 33% to about 46% or greater. Quantitative SF yield at room temperature has only been observed in crystalline solids or aggregates of higher acenes.

Provided are a novel isocyanide compound, a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst having excellent handling properties and storage properties that allows a hydrosilylation reaction to proceed under moderate conditions by using the isocyanide compound, and a method for producing an addition compound by a hydrosilylation reaction using the hydrosilylation reaction catalyst.

A hydrosilylation reaction catalyst prepared from a catalyst precursor comprising a transition metal compound of groups 8, 9, or 10 of the periodic table, excluding platinum, such as an iron carboxylate, cobalt carboxylate, or nickel carboxylate, and a ligand comprising an isocyanide compound having an organosiloxane group.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing various silane derivatives by subjecting various furan derivatives to hydrosilylation in the presence of a borane catalyst. The method for preparing silane derivatives according to the present invention is a very efficient method for converting, into high value-added silane derivatives, various furan derivatives derived from biomass.

The present invention provides an electrolyte solution for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery capable of an exerting high average discharge voltage and an excellent low-temperature output characteristic at 30 C. or lower and an excellent cycle characteristic and an excellent storage characteristic at high temperatures of 50 C. or higher, as well as a non-aqueous electrolyte battery containing the same. The present electrolyte solution comprises anon-aqueous solvent, a solute, at least one silane compound represented by the following general formula (1) as a first compound, and a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following general formula (3), for example, as a second compound.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to a novel compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and an organic light emitting device using the same. The compound is used as a material of an organic material layer of the organic light emitting device.

##STR00001##

A lithium battery including: a cathode; an anode; and an electrolyte between the cathode and the anode, wherein the cathode includes a cathode active material represented by Formula 1,

Li.sub.xNi.sub.yM.sub.1yO.sub.2-zA.sub.zFormula 1 wherein 0.95x1.2, 0.75y0.98, and 0z<0.2, M is Al, Mg, Mn, Co, Fe, Cr, V, Ti, Cu, B, Ca, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sr, Sb, W, Bi, or a combination thereof, and A is an element having an oxidation number of 1, 2, or 3, wherein each element of M is independently present in an amount of 0.02y0.3, wherein a total content of M is 0.02y0.3;
and wherein the electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and a diallyl compound represented by Formula 2,

##STR00001## wherein L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are each independently a single bond, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.20 alkenylene group.

The present invention provides an electrolyte solution for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery capable of an exerting high average discharge voltage and an excellent low-temperature output characteristic at 30 C. or lower and an excellent cycle characteristic and an excellent storage characteristic at high temperatures of 50 C. or higher, as well as a non-aqueous electrolyte battery containing the same. The present electrolyte solution comprises a non-aqueous solvent, a solute, at least one silane compound represented by the following general formula (1) as a first compound, and a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following general formula (3), for example, as a second compound.

Si(R.sup.1).sub.a(R.sup.2).sub.4-a(1)

##STR00001##

The mechanochemical functionalization of silicon nanoparticles and functionalized silicon nanoparticles are described. The processes include applying shear forces to silicon metal the presence of an alkane and thereby functionalizing the silicon with an alkyl-functionalization, preferably an alkyl-hydride-functionalization. The resulting product includes a plurality of silicon nanoparticles each carrying an alkyl-functionalization, and preferably a hydride-functionalization, derived from an alkane.

The process of bi-functionalizing silicon nanoparticles and bi-functionalized silicon nanoparticles are described. The processes include applying shear forces to silicon metal in the presence of an alkane, thereby providing an alkyl-hydride-functionalized silicon nanoparticle, which is then treated with a reactant, e.g., a compound that reacts with the hydride functionality, to provide the bi-functionalized silicon nanoparticles. The resulting product can include a plurality of functionalities on a silicon nanoparticle derived from alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes, alcohols, thiols, amines, carboxylates, and/or carboxylic acids.