A substrate with a superhydrophobic coating, wherein the superhydrophobic coating includes a binding layer disposed on the substrate, and a hydrophobic layer disposed on the binding layer, wherein the hydrophobic layer includes perfluoroalkyl-functionalized silica nanoparticles, and a method of fabricating the substrate with the superhydrophobic coating. Various combinations of embodiments of the substrate with the superhydrophobic coating and the method of fabricating thereof are provided.

A substrate with a superhydrophobic coating, wherein the superhydrophobic coating includes a binding layer disposed on the substrate, and a hydrophobic layer disposed on the binding layer, wherein the hydrophobic layer includes perfluoroalkyl-functionalized silica nanoparticles, and a method of fabricating the substrate with the superhydrophobic coating. Various combinations of embodiments of the substrate with the superhydrophobic coating and the method of fabricating thereof are provided.

A method for producing an organohalosilanes comprising reacting an organic compound comprising a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted alkane, a halogen-substituted or unsubstituted alkene, or an aromatic compound and at least one hydridohalosilane of formula R.sub.nSiH.sub.mX.sub.4-m-n, wherein each R is independently C-.sub.1-C-.sub.14 hydrocarbyl or C-.sub.1-C-.sub.14 halogen-substituted hydrocarbyl, X is fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo, n is 0, 1, or 2, m is 1, 2 or 3, and m+n=1, 2 or 3, in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising an oxide of one or more of the elements Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Al, Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, or Pb, at a temperature greater than 100 C., and at a pressure of at least 690 kPa, to produce a crude reaction product comprising the organohalosilane.

Novel fluorosilicon nitrile compounds, and methods of preparing them, are described. The fluorosilicon nitrile compounds are characterized by having a total of four substituents attached to a silicon atom, wherein one or two of the substituents are fluorine atoms, one or two of the substituents are cyanoalkyl groups, which are the same as or different from each other, and the remainder of the substituents, if any, are alkyl groups, which are the same as or different from each other.

Novel fluorosilicon nitrile compounds, and methods of preparing them, are described. The fluorosilicon nitrile compounds are characterized by having a total of four substituents attached to a silicon atom, wherein one or two of the substituents are fluorine atoms, one or two of the substituents are cyanoalkyl groups, which are the same as or different from each other, and the remainder of the substituents, if any, are alkyl groups, which are the same as or different from each other.

A method for making a halosilane compound comprises the steps of: (a) providing a first halosilane compound, (b) providing a reaction vessel containing a halide source disposed inside, (c) feeding the halosilane compound into the reaction vessel, and (d) collecting a product stream from the reaction vessel, where the product stream contains a second halosilane.

A method for making a halosilane compound comprises the steps of: (a) providing a first halosilane compound, (b) providing a reaction vessel containing a halide source disposed inside, (c) feeding the halosilane compound into the reaction vessel, and (d) collecting a product stream from the reaction vessel, where the product stream contains a second halosilane.

This novel fluorine-including organohydrosilane compound is represented by formula (1), has two or more hydrosilyl groups, has a feature wherein the inter-Si links all comprise silalkylene structures, has good compatibility with base oils, and provides a fluoropolyether-based cured product having good characteristics.

##STR00001##

(Rf is a monovalent perfluoropolyether group; A is a divalent organic group that may include at least one element selected from O, N, and Si; R is a C1-6 monovalent hydrocarbon group; n is an integer from 1 to 3; each B is a monovalent silicon-including organic group that has two or more diorganohydrosilyl groups when n is 1, independently has one or more diorganohydrosilyl groups when n is 2 or 3, and forms a silalkylene structure with the silicon atom linked thereto; and y is 1 or 2.)

This novel fluorine-including organohydrosilane compound is represented by formula (1), has two or more hydrosilyl groups, has a feature wherein the inter-Si links all comprise silalkylene structures, has good compatibility with base oils, and provides a fluoropolyether-based cured product having good characteristics.

##STR00001##

(Rf is a monovalent perfluoropolyether group; A is a divalent organic group that may include at least one element selected from O, N, and Si; R is a C1-6 monovalent hydrocarbon group; n is an integer from 1 to 3; each B is a monovalent silicon-including organic group that has two or more diorganohydrosilyl groups when n is 1, independently has one or more diorganohydrosilyl groups when n is 2 or 3, and forms a silalkylene structure with the silicon atom linked thereto; and y is 1 or 2.)

Novel fluorosilicon nitrile compounds, and methods of preparing them, are described. The fluorosilicon nitrile compounds are characterized by having a total of four substituents attached to a silicon atom, wherein one or two of the substituents are fluorine atoms, one or two of the substituents are cyanoalkyl groups, which are the same as or different from each other, and the remainder of the substituents, if any, are alkyl groups, which are the same as or different from each other.