The invention relates to a process for purifying an ionic liquid comprising dialkylimidazolium ions by means of stripping, wherein water vapour is used at a particular temperature. The process according to the invention is characterized in that the decomposition of the ionic liquid is minimized during the procedure of the process.

The present invention encompasses a novel method for synthesizing highly pure salts of the general formula Q.sup.+A.sup.−, wherein Q.sup.+ is: ##STR00001##
and wherein A.sup.− is ##STR00002##

The present invention encompasses a novel method for synthesizing highly pure salts of the general formula Q.sup.+A.sup.−, wherein Q.sup.+ is: ##STR00001##
and wherein A.sup.− is ##STR00002##

Provided are a lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide carrying an organic phosphate with a high capacity and a high cycle characteristic when used as a positive electrode active material of a secondary battery, a method for producing the same, and also a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide as a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, wherein an organic phosphite compound or an organic phosphate compound having an organic functional group composed of an alkyl group, an aryl group, and the like adheres to a part or the entire of a particle surface of the lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide represented by general formula: Li.sub.tMn.sub.2-x-yNi.sub.xM.sub.yO.sub.4 (wherein 0.96<t≦1.25, 0.40≦x=0.60, 0≦y≦0.20, and M represents at least one element selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu and Zn).

The present invention provides: O-cyclic phytospingosine-1-phosphate (O-C-P1P), N-cyclic phytospingosine-1-phosphate (N-C-P1P), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof; a preparation method therefor; a cosmetic composition comprising the same for preventing hair loss or for growing hair; and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating hair loss or for growing hair.

The present invention relates to novel biguanide derivatives including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention also relates processes for the preparation of, intermediates used in the preparation of, pharmaceutical compositions containing and the uses of such compounds in treating disorders such as diabetes.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an InP-based quantum dot precursor from a phosphorus source and an indium source, in which a silylphosphine compound represented by the following Formula (1) with a content of a compound represented by the following Formula (2) of 0.3 mol % or less is used as the phosphorus source. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing an InP-based quantum dot comprising heating an InP quantum dot precursor to a temperature of 200° C. or more and 350° C. or less to obtain an InP quantum dot.

##STR00001##

(R is as defined in the specification.)

The present disclosure relates to phosphate derivatives of indole compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use in stimulating the immune system of patients such as cancer patients.

The present disclosure generally relates to the field of ultrasensitive microbial pathogen detection and identification utilizing genomic sequence recognition.

A non-aqueous electrolyte composition containing (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent; (ii) a compound of formula (I) (iii) at least one ion containing conducting salt; and (iv) optionally one or more additives. ##STR00001##