Disclosed herein are antibody-nanoparticle conjugates that include two or more nanoparticles (such as gold, palladium, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, iridium, or an alloy of two or more thereof) directly linked to an antibody or fragment thereof through a metal-thiol bond. Methods of making the antibody-nanoparticle conjugates disclosed herein include reacting an arylphosphine-nanoparticle composite with a reduced antibody to produce an antibody-nanoparticle conjugate. Also disclosed herein are methods for detecting a target molecule in a sample that include using an antibody-nanoparticle conjugate (such as the antibody-nanoparticle conjugates described herein) and kits for detecting target molecules utilizing the methods disclosed herein.

The present invention relates to macromolecular transition metal complexes, characterized by having the general formula (I), to the process for their preparation, and to bidentate and monodentate macroligands. The invention also refers to pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing said macromolecular transition metal complexes, and to the use of said pharmaceutical compositions, medicaments and macromolecular transition metal complexes for cancer therapy and/or cancer prevention, as antitumor agent in solid tumors, liquid tumors and/or metastases and/or as radiosensitizer agents.

The invention relates to lithium alkyl aluminates according to the general formula Li[AlR.sub.4] and to a method for preparing same, starting from LiAlH.sub.4 and RLi in an aprotic solvent. The invention also relates to compounds according to the general formula Li[AlR.sub.4] which can be obtained using the claimed method, and to the use thereof. The invention also relates to the use of a lithium alkyl aluminate Li[AlR.sub.4] as a transfer reagent for transferring at least one radical R to an element halide or metal halide and to a method for transferring at least one radical R to a compound E(X).sub.q for preparing a compound according to the general formula E(X).sub.q-pR.sub.p, where E=aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, zinc, cadmium, mercury, or phosphorus, X=halogen, q=2, 3 or 4, and p=1, 2, 3 or 4. The invention also relates to compounds which can be obtained using such a method, to the use thereof, and to a substrate which has an aluminium layer or a layer containing aluminium on one surface.

Provided are a method for preparing L-glufosinate and the intermediate compounds of formula (V) and formula (III).

An organic magnesium phosphide expressed by Formula (1) below and an organic magnesium phosphide complex expressed by Formula (9) below are provided, and a manufacturing method of organic phosphorus compound is characterized in that the above compounds used as a reagent is reacted with an electrophile: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently an aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine, ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently an aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, aromatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group, and X and Y are each independently chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

An organic magnesium phosphide expressed by Formula (1) below and an organic magnesium phosphide complex expressed by Formula (9) below are provided, and a manufacturing method of organic phosphorus compound is characterized in that the above compounds used as a reagent is reacted with an electrophile:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently an aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine,

##STR00002##

wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently an aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, aromatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group, and X and Y are each independently chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

Embodiments are directed to terphenyl ligands and metal complex formed therefrom, wherein the metal complexes are used as procatalyst in polyolefin polymerization and comprise the following structure:

The present disclosure provides a series of novel, water-soluble, sulfonate-based phosphorus ligand of formula (I) derived from a dihydrobenzo 1,3-oxaphosphole framework that has shown superior results for Suzuki coupling reactions for hindered substrates in aqueous media.

Disclosed herein are antibody-nanoparticle conjugates that include two or more nanoparticles (such as gold, palladium, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, iridium, or an alloy of two or more thereof) directly linked to an antibody or fragment thereof through a metal-thiol bond. Methods of making the antibody-nanoparticle conjugates disclosed herein include reacting an arylphosphine-nanoparticle composite with a reduced antibody to produce an antibody-nanoparticle conjugate. Also disclosed herein are methods for detecting a target molecule in a sample that include using an antibody-nanoparticle conjugate (such as the antibody-nanoparticle conjugates described herein) and kits for detecting target molecules utilizing the methods disclosed herein.

A compound of formula (I) for use in the prevention or treatment of a bacterial infection wherein: P.sup.X is selected from the group consisting of (P1), (P2) and (P3).

##STR00001##