The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (1) and (2) which are suitable for use in electro¬nic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices.

The present invention relates to the use of efficient phosphorous substances, in particular based on diphenylamine and heterocyclic diphenylamine derivatives as stabilizers for organic materials, in particular for plastic materials, against oxidative, thermal and/or actinic degradation. Te present invention additionally relates to an organic material that has been correspondingly stabilized as described above. The invention further relates to a method of stabilizing organic materials and to specific stabilizers.

A catalyst configured to be handled more easily than conventional catalysts and configured to copolymerize an α-olefin and a (meth)acrylic acid ester with high activity. The objects are achieved by polymerization using an olefin polymerization catalyst which contains a metal complex obtained by reacting a ligand having a specific structure and a transition metal compound containing a transition metal selected from nickel or palladium having a specific structure.

The present invention includes a molecule, a method of identifying said molecule, and a method of using said molecule to inhibit the interaction of Aβ and Drp1 proteins. The molecules including diethyl (3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate (DDQ); [10-(4,5-dimethoxy2-methyl-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl)decyl]triphenylphosphonium methanesulfonate (MitoQ); 3-Hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (3,4-dihydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazide (Dynasore); and/or 3-(2,4Dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-4(1H)-quinazolinone/3-(2,4-Dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-2-sulfanyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (Mdivi-1).

Zwitterion ligand metal complexes and methods of aerobic oxidation using a zwitterion ligand metal complex are provided. The zwitterion ligand metal complexes can include a transition metal salt and a zwitterion ligand, which can comprise a non-conjugated amide anion-phosphonium cation, an amide anion-ammonium cation, or an iminium cation. The methods of aerobic oxidation can include combining the zwitterion ligand metal complex with an oxidizable compound and molecular oxygen to allow the isolation of an oxidized compound from the oxidizable compound.

Enantiopure terphenyl presenting two ortho-located chiral axes having the following structural formula (I): their process of synthesis and their use as mono or bidentate ligands for asymmetric organometallic reactions, as organocatalysts, as chiral base and as generator, with metal, of isolable chiral metallic complexes for applications in asymmetric catalysis and others.

Provided is a 2,3-bisphosphinopyrazine derivative represented by the following general formula (1), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 represent an optionally substituted straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted adamantyl group, or an optionally substituted phenyl group, R.sup.5 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted phenyl group, each R.sup.5 may be the same group or a different group, R.sup.6 represents a monovalent substituent, n denotes an integer of 0 to

##STR00001##

Provided is a method of preparing sulfonated aryl phosphine, the method capable of preparing sulfonated aryl phosphine with high purity and high yield by efficiently removing sulfur trioxide generated during preparing sulfonated aryl phosphine using an extractant.

A new set of bench-stable fluoroalkylphosphines that directly convert CH bonds in pyridine building blocks, drug-like fragments, and pharmaceuticals, into fluoroalkyl derivatives. No pre-installed functional groups or directing motifs are required. The reaction tolerates a variety of sterically and electronically distinct pyridines and is exclusively selective for the 4-position in most cases. The reaction proceeds via initial phosphonium salt formation followed by sp.sup.2-sp.sup.3 phosphorus ligand-coupling, an underdeveloped manifold for CC bond formation.

An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte including: a compound represented by Formula 1; a lithium salt; and an organic solvent, wherein an amount of the compound represented by Formula 1 is less than about 3.0 weight percent, based on a total weight of the electrolyte: ##STR00001##
wherein, in Formula 1, R.sub.1 to R.sub.15 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine, a C1-C10 alkyl group, and a C6-C10 aryl group.