Provided is a compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001## wherein the variable groups are defined herein.

A compound by the name 1,1,1-tris(di(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphino-methyl)ethane. The compound can be represented by the structure of formula (I):

##STR00001##

The compound is useful as a ligand for ruthenium to form an organometallic complex. The complex is an active catalyst for the hydrogenolysis of amides to form amines and optionally alcohols.

Provided are a novel catalyst component for producing an -olefin (co)polymer, and a production method using the same. A metal complex is obtainable by contacting a compound represented by the general formula [I] or [II] with a transition metal compound containing a transition metal belonging to 9th to 11th group:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent (i) hydrogen, (ii) a halogen, (iii) a linear alkyl or the like, or (iv) OR.sup.9 or the like; R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent a linear alkyl group or the like; any one of R.sup.1-R.sup.6 may have a heteroatom or a heteroatom containing group; E.sup.1 represents phosphorus, arsenic or antimony; X.sup.1 represents oxygen or sulfur; Z represents hydrogen or a leaving group.

A method of forming compounds that comprise a heterocyclic carbene ligand is provided. In particular, an oxazole or a thioazole carbene are used in place of the traditional imidazole carbene. These compounds may be used in OLEDs to provide devices having improved properties, such as stability and color-tuning.

An organic magnesium phosphide expressed by Formula (1) below and an organic magnesium phosphide complex expressed by Formula (9) below are provided, and a manufacturing method of organic phosphorus compound is characterized in that the above compounds used as a reagent is reacted with an electrophile:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently an aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine,

##STR00002##

wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently an aliphatic group, heteroaliphatic group, aromatic group, alicyclic group, or heterocyclic group, and X and Y are each independently chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

The present disclosure provides tri-orthoalkylphenyl phosphine catalysts of formula I ##STR00001## wherein A is CH2, CO, or NR.sup.A; R.sup.1 is aryl, heteroaryl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, cycloalkyl, or heterocycloalkyl, wherein aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocycloalkyl are optionally substituted; R.sup.2 is H, (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkoxy, N(R.sup.A).sub.2, or an electron withdrawing group; and each R.sup.A is independently H or (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkyl; that are tuned electrically and sterically.

A condition diagnosis and a life-extending treatment method for an electric apparatus comprising insulation oil and a system to perform the method and comprises addition of a specific group, phospines, of chemical substances to protect metals in transformers and other insulating oil filled apparatuses from sulphidation caused by elemental sulphur.

The present invention relates to chiral compounds with two optically active phosphorus atoms, chiral transition metal catalysts which comprise these compounds as ligands, a process for preparing the P-chiral compounds and processes for asymmetric synthesis using the chiral transition metal catalysts. The present invention specifically relates to a process for preparing an optically active carbonyl compound by asymmetric hydrogenation of a prochiral ,-unsaturated carbonyl compound with hydrogen in the presence of an optically active transition metal catalyst according to the invention. Yet more specifically, the present invention relates to a process for the asymmetric hydrogenation of citral, and also a process for preparing optically active menthol.

Tropomyosin-related kinase inhibitors (Trk inhibitors) are small molecule compounds useful in the treatment of disease. Trk inhibitors can be used as pharmaceutical agents and in pharmaceutical compositions. Trk inhibitors are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disease, defects of bone metabolism and/or cancer, and are particularly useful in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), pain, and pain associated with OA. Trk inhibitors are also useful for inhibiting tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), tropomyosin-related kinase C (TrkC), and/or c-FMS (the cellular receptor for colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)).

Ferrocenyl-based unsymmetrical ligands containing di(1-adamantyl)phosphino groups with general formula, Fc(Ad.sub.2P) (R.sub.2P) and corresponding metal complexes, include metal halide complexes, N-biphenyl metal cationic complexes and R-allyl metal cationic complexes, useful in catalysis. The ligands and complexes overcome problems with conventional catalysts, providing new routes to previously challenging cross-coupling reactions, including CP coupling, C.sub.sp2C.sub.sp3 coupling and other conventional cross-coupling applications, while being scalable so that they can be provided in sufficient quantity and purity for industrial applications.