There are provided compounds of formula IIb, ##STR00001##
wherein: LG.sup.1 represents imidazolyl, chloro, or aryloxy; and Z.sup.1 represents a structural fragment of formula V: ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.2 to R.sup.4, R.sup.5a, L and X.sup.1 to X.sup.3 have meanings given in the description, or a salt or protected derivative thereof, wherein said protected derivative is a compound in which the carboxyl moiety of R.sup.4 is protected as a C.sub.1-8 alkyl ester. The compounds have antiinflammatory activity, for example through inhibition of one or more of members of: the family of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase enzymes; Syk kinase; and members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases) and have use in therapy, including in pharmaceutical combinations, especially in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory diseases of the lung, eye and intestines.

Provided are phosphonopyrazole-based phosphohistidine analogs that are useful as haptens for the preparation of immunogens, immunogens that include these haptens linked to carrier molecules, antibodies thereto and uses of these antibodies, haptens, immunogens and phosphohistidine analogs. The invention is based in part on new pHis analogs that are chemically stable and which have been used as haptens and immunogens to generate specific anti-pHis antibodies that bind with high affinity and specificity.

In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds having the formula XII: ##STR00001##
where R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.2, R.sup.7, and X are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds described herein are prodrugs of compounds having neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds; methods of using these compounds; and processes and intermediates for preparing these compounds.

Compounds having activity as PKM2 activators are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I):

##STR00001##

including stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Provided are phosphonopyrazole-based phosphohistidine analogs that are useful as haptens for the preparation of immunogens, immunogens that include these haptens linked to carrier molecules, antibodies thereto and uses of these antibodies, haptens, immunogens and phosphohistidine analogs.

The present disclosure provides certain bicyclic heteroaryl compounds that inhibit ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) enzymatic activity and are therefore useful for the treatment of diseases and conditions modulated at least in part by ENPP1. In some embodiments, the bicyclic heteroaryl compounds includes those of Formula (I). Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and processes for preparing such compounds. ##STR00001##

Compounds having activity as PKM2 activators are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): ##STR00001##
including stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Disclosed herein are novel quinone methide analog precursors and embodiments of a method and a kit of using the same for detecting one or more targets in a biological sample. The method of detection comprises contacting the sample with a detection probe, then contacting the sample with a labeling conjugate that comprises an enzyme. The enzyme interacts with a quinone methide analog precursor comprising a detectable label, forming a reactive quinone methide analog, which binds to the biological sample proximally to or directly on the target. The detectable label is then detected. In some embodiments, multiple targets can be detected by multiple quinone methide analog precursors interacting with different enzymes without the need for an enzyme deactivation step.

The invention relates to heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. Also described herein are compositions and the use of such compounds in methods of treating diseases and conditions mediated by deficient CFTR activity, in particular cystic fibrosis.

Disclosed herein are compounds for treating conditions related to oxidative stress/damage among other causes, with pharmaceutically accepted salts hydrate, solvate, optical isomer, or combination thereof, comprising lipophilic cation moieties linked to heterocyclics compounds of formula (I) and formula (8);

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 may be selected from the group consisting of

##STR00002##

wherein X, Y, and Z are selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and heteroaryls; n is an integer selected from 0-18, and E is a phosphorous or nitrogen atom.