Disclosed are compounds for treating or preventing a disease or disorder responsive to antagonism of a P2Y.sub.14R receptor agonist in a mammal in need thereof, for example, compounds of formulas (I) and (II), wherein R.sup.1.sub.-R.sup.8, X, Y, Z, X, Y, Z, and A are as defined herein, that are useful in treating an inflammatory such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and sterile inflammation of the kidney.

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Applicants have developed an amplification system and methodology for IHC and ISH staining that utilizes click chemistry to covalently bind reporter molecules to tissue.

Applicants have developed an amplification system and methodology for IHC and ISH staining that utilizes click chemistry to covalently bind reporter molecules to tissue.

This invention is related to the field of PCSK9 biology and the composition and methods of use of small molecule ligands for modulation of PCSK9 biological activity. In particular, the invention provides compositions of small molecule compounds that modulate circulating levels of low density lipoproteins by altering the conformation of the protein PCSK9. Binding these small molecule ligands to PCSK9 alters the conformation of the protein, modifying the interaction between PCSK9 and an endogenous low density lipoprotein receptor, and can lead to reduced or increased levels of circulating LDL-cholesterol. High LDL cholesterol levels are associated with increased risk for heart disease. Low LDL-cholesterol levels may be problematic in other conditions, such as liver dysfunction; thus, there is also utility for small molecule ligands that can raise LDL levels.

This invention is related to the field of PCSK9 biology and the composition and methods of use of small molecule ligands for modulation of PCSK9 biological activity. In particular, the invention provides compositions of small molecule compounds that modulate circulating levels of low density lipoproteins by altering the conformation of the protein PCSK9. Binding these small molecule ligands to PCSK9 alters the conformation of the protein, modifying the interaction between PCSK9 and an endogenous low density lipoprotein receptor, and can lead to reduced or increased levels of circulating LDL-cholesterol. High LDL cholesterol levels are associated with increased risk for heart disease. Low LDL-cholesterol levels may be problematic in other conditions, such as liver dysfunction; thus, there is also utility for small molecule ligands that can raise LDL levels.

Compounds of Formula (IA)

(Targeting Moiety)-(Linker)-(Protease Ligand)(IA), where the targeting moiety is an oligonucleotide capable of binding a target protein and the protease ligand is a ligand capable of binding a protease, and methods for the use thereof are provided. Also provided are compounds of Formula (IB)

(Targeting Moiety)-(Linker)-(Protease Ligand or E3 Ligase Ligand)(IB), where the targeting moiety is an oligonucleotide capable of binding a target protein, the protease ligand is a ligand capable of binding a protease, and the E3 ligase ligand is a ligand capable of binding an E3 ligase, and methods for the use thereof are provided.

Compounds of Formula (IA)

(Targeting Moiety)-(Linker)-(Protease Ligand)(IA), where the targeting moiety is an oligonucleotide capable of binding a target protein and the protease ligand is a ligand capable of binding a protease, and methods for the use thereof are provided. Also provided are compounds of Formula (IB)

(Targeting Moiety)-(Linker)-(Protease Ligand or E3 Ligase Ligand)(IB), where the targeting moiety is an oligonucleotide capable of binding a target protein, the protease ligand is a ligand capable of binding a protease, and the E3 ligase ligand is a ligand capable of binding an E3 ligase, and methods for the use thereof are provided.

Thiol modified acylphosphine oxide photoinitiators exhibiting improved smell and extractability are disclosed. Also disclosed is a UV curable inkjet ink containing an acylphosphine oxide photoinitiator and a polymerizable compound, wherein the acylphosphine oxide photoinitiator includes one or more acyl groups substituted by a thiol.

Thiol modified acylphosphine oxide photoinitiators exhibiting improved smell and extractability are disclosed. Also disclosed is a UV curable inkjet ink containing an acylphosphine oxide photoinitiator and a polymerizable compound, wherein the acylphosphine oxide photoinitiator includes one or more acyl groups substituted by a thiol.

Disclosed herein are novel quinone methide analog precursors and embodiments of a method and a kit of using the same for detecting one or more targets in a biological sample. The method of detection comprises contacting the sample with a detection probe, then contacting the sample with a labeling conjugate that comprises an enzyme. The enzyme interacts with a quinone methide analog precursor comprising a detectable label, forming a reactive quinone methide analog, which binds to the biological sample proximally to or directly on the target. The detectable label is then detected. In some embodiments, multiple targets can be detected by multiple quinone methide analog precursors interacting with different enzymes without the need for an enzyme deactivation step.