The present disclosure provides compounds of Formula (II) ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, W.sup.1, W.sup.2, W.sup.3, X, Y, and A are as described herein. The disclosed compounds modulate CD73 activity. The present disclosure also provides, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods of using these compounds for treating diseases associated with CD73 activity.

The present invention relates to the medical field, and in particular to the use of adefovir dipivoxil and a structural analog thereof for treating pseudorabies virus. In particular, the invention relates to the use of a compound as shown in formula (I), a stereoisomer thereof, a solvate thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for inhibiting the pseudorabies virus, treating pseudorabies virus infections or treating diseases related to pseudorabies virus infections.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a composition comprising nanoparticles of prodrugs of certain pharmaceutically active agents, wherein the nanoparticles of prodrugs are dispersed within a carrier material. The present invention further provides processes for the making of the same.

Disclosed herein, inter alia, are acyclic nucleotide analogs and methods of using an acyclic nucleotide analog for treating and/or ameliorating a papillomavirus infection.

The present disclosure provides the synthesis of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) in high purity, yield, and efficiency from Fmoc-protected morpholino monomers, e.g., Fmoc morpholino monomer G.

The present invention relates to novel crystalline forms of salts and/or co-crystals of tenofovir alafenamide, the pharmaceutical formulations, and the therapeutic uses thereof in treating viral infections.

Provided herein are processes for preparing an oligomer (e.g., a morpholino oligomer). The synthetic processes described herein may be advantageous to scaling up oligomersynthesis while maintaining overall yield and purity of a synthesized oligomer.

Disclosed herein are 3, 4-didehydro- and 3′-deoxy-3, 4-didehydro-compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Methods of use of these pharmaceutical compositions include those for treating diseases including virus-induced diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases, immune disorders, and bacterial-associated diseases or infections, or combinations thereof. Examples of viral-induced diseases include viral infections by RNA or DNA viruses, for example SAR-CoV-2, EBV, BKV, JCV and HCMV.

The present invention provides a method for efficiently manufacturing a phosphonate ester by phosphonylating an alcohol under mild conditions, and a method for manufacturing a phosphate ester. In the method for manufacturing a phosphonate ester of the present invention, a compound represented by the formula (1) is reacted with a compound represented by the formula (2) in the presence of a zinc catalyst to obtain a compound represented by the formula (3).

##STR00001##

X represents an organic group. R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group. R.sup.2 represents an organic group.

An entecavir monophosphate alaninamide phenolic ester derivative is represented by formula II. It has non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts. In formula II, X is H, halogen, R or —OR, and R is a C.sub.1-3 alkyl or a substituted C.sub.1-3 alkyl. The entecavir monophosphate alaninamide phenolic ester derivative or the non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used in the preparation of a drug for resisting the hepatitis B virus.

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