Embodiments include a robotic mechanism that may be utilized to position prosthetic implants in a patient's body. During joint replacement surgery and other surgical procedures, prosthetic implants may be placed in a patient's body. The robotic mechanism may be utilized to control movement of a cutting tool during resection of bone in a patient's body. The robotic mechanism includes a programmable computer which is connected with the force transmitting member by a motor. A force measurement assembly is connected with the force transmitting member and the computer. The output from the force measurement assembly is indicative of a resistance encountered by the force transmitting member. A position sensor is connected with the force transmitting member and the computer. The position sensor has an output indicative of the position of the force transmitting member.

Systems and methods for monitoring a surgical procedure are provided. A coordinate system of a first robotic arm and a second robotic arm may be co-registered or correlated to each other. One or more poses of an imaging device may be determined to provide real-time intraoperative imaging of a region of interest during a surgical procedure. Anatomical elements may be identified in the real-time images of the region of interest from which a surgical tool should maintain a predetermined distance. The surgical tool may be prevented from approaching the identified anatomical elements by less than a predetermined distance using the co-registration of the coordinate systems.

The invention is directed to a method of determining properties in a vessel or the heart (V) of a patient. It comprises the steps of placing an element in a vessel or the heart(V) and determining a propulsion force (2) acting on the element. Furthermore, at least one of acceleration (3) and velocity (4) of the element is determined. At least one property of a neighbouring medium of the element is determined based on the propulsion force and at least one of acceleration (3) and velocity (4) of the element.

Systems and methods for electromagnetic (EM) distortion detection and compensation are disclosed. In one aspect, the system includes an instrument, the system configured to: determine a reference position of the distal end of the instrument at a first time based on EM location data, determine that the distal end of the instrument at a second time is static, and determine that the EM location data at the second time is indicative of a position of the distal end of the instrument having changed from the reference position by greater than a threshold distance. The system is further configured to: determine a current offset based on the distance between the position at the second time and the reference position at the first time, and determine a compensated position of the distal end of the instrument based on the EM location data and the current offset.

Rapid and precise recording of a VOI is provided while monitoring a robot-assisted movement of a medical object through a hollow organ of a patient. For actuating an x-ray device that has a recording system, a user input for the recording of a recording region is accepted. A previously recorded three-dimensional volume image of at least part of the body, in particular of the hollow organ is provided. A length of travel covered by the object from measurement data and/or control data of the robotic system is ascertained. The current position of the object is ascertained on the basis of the three-dimensional volume image making use of the ascertained length of travel covered and a starting position of the object. The recording system of the imaging device is moved for isocentering and/or superimposing the recording region about the current position of the object. An image of the recording region is recorded.

An endoluminal robotic system includes at least one robotic arm that operates tools to perform suturing procedures. The tools may include at least one of a suture needle driver tool, an endoscope, and a grasping tool. Methods performed by the endoluminal robotic system include driving a suture needle through anterior and posterior sides of a defect using the suture needle driving tool, the end portion of which is rotated after passing through tissue, to form a desired suture pattern. Then, the two ends of the suture thread are pulled and tied together to form a knot. Methods performed by the endoluminal robotic system also include overlaying a suture needle path on an image captured by the endoscope and controlling the at least one robotic arm to operate the driving tool and the suture needle driver tool based on the overlaid suture needle path.

Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for an input device for controlling a robotic surgical tool. The input device can include a first pair of opposing links and a second pair of opposing links. The first pair of opposing links and second pair of opposing links can be arranged radially symmetrically. The input device can be configured to control operation of the robotic surgical tool.

The apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention is comprised of a flexible sheath instrument, a flexible guide instrument, and a tool. The flexible sheath instrument comprises a first instrument base removably coupleable to an instrument driver and defines a sheath instrument working lumen. The flexible guide instrument comprises a second instrument base removably coupleable to the instrument driver and is threaded through the sheath instrument working lumen. The guide instrument also defines a guide instrument working lumen. The tool is threaded through the guide instrument working lumen. For this embodiment of the apparatus, the sheath instrument and guide instrument are independently controllable relative to each other.

A robotic medical system can include a motorized arm that is supported by a column of the system. The robotic arm can be operated by rotating a link of the motorized arm by actuating an actuator to drive rotation of a rotary joint. A brake can then be applied to the rotary joint to stop rotation of the link. The arm can also include an arbor that can be actuated to increase a torsional stiffness of the rotary joint.

A medical instrument includes an elongate shaft, a handle coupled to a proximal portion of the elongate shaft, an axle rotatably mounted to the handle and configured so that rotation of the axle causes the elongate shaft to rotate about an axis of the elongate shaft, and an axle catch disposed at least partially within the handle, the axle catch being actuatable between a locked position, in which the axle catch impedes rotation of the axle, and an unlocked position, in which the axle catch permits rotation of the axle. Mounting the handle on a robotic manipulator causes the axle catch to automatically transition from the locked position to the unlocked position.