The invention provides a process for the reductive amination of a carbonyl group at the reducing terminus of a polysaccharide, wherein the reductive amination is carried out at a pH between 4 and 5. The invention also provides a process for preparing a conjugate of a polysaccharide and a carrier molecule, comprising the steps of: (a) coupling the polysaccharide to a linker, to form a polysaccharide-linker compound in which the free terminus of the linker is an ester group; and (b) reacting the ester group with a primary amine group in the carrier molecule, to form a polysaccharide-linker-carrier molecule conjugate in which the linker is coupled to the carrier molecule via an amide linkage. The invention also provides a process for reducing contamination of a polysaccharide-linker compound with unreacted linker, comprising a step of precipitating unreacted linker under aqueous conditions at a pH of less than 5. The invention also provides polysaccharide-linker-carrier molecule conjugates and intermediate compounds obtained or obtainable by these processes.

Affinity purification of platelet-derived growth factor-binding heparan sulphate from porcine mucosa (HS6) is disclosed. Also disclosed is the use of HS6 in repair and regeneration of the skin for treating wounds, burns, ulcers and other skin injuries.

The present invention relates in one aspect to a conjugate of a mucopolysaccharide or mucopolysaccharidic fraction and a cellular wall fragment of a bacterium belonging to the Corynebacterium genus, and in particular to the Corynebacterium granulosum species, also named P40. The conjugate of the invention is applied to medicine, in particular for topical treatment of infections, dermatological affections, such as psoriasis, acne, allergic reactions, such as rashes and eczema, and in vaginal mucosae affections.

Disclosed herein is a device and method for regenerating tissue using a modular scaffold having a gradient of enzymatic degradability. The disclosure further relates to scaffolds made of microparticles comprising a cross-linked water-soluble polymer or cross-linked water-soluble polymers and a process for forming thereof.

Methods and pharmaceutical compositions for preventing and/or treating acute and chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases are provided herein. Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) promotes an inflammatory response, which causes clinical problems associated with inflammation and autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and refractory asthma. TNF is also implicated in promoting pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy leading to loss of retinal microvascular cells. Methods herein contain the step of administering a prophylactic and/or therapeutic formulation of a pharmaceutical composition containing a recombinant soluble human TNF receptor or portions thereof which are TNF inhibitors. These pharmaceutic compositions have been modified by conjugating natural amino acids such as proline and alanine, and/or serine (PA/S) via PASylation to create a linear polypeptide that possesses fewer of the processing, preparation, formulation, cost, and other long-term issues of administering PEGylated drugs.

The present invention relates in one aspect to a conjugate of a mucopolysaccharide or mucopolysaccharidic fraction and a cellular wall fragment of a bacterium belonging to the Corynebacterium genus, and in particular to the Corynebacterium granulosum species, also named P40. The conjugate of the invention is applied to medicine, in particular for topical treatment of infections, dermatological affections, such as psoriasis, acne, allergic reactions, such as rashes and eczema, and in vaginal mucosae affections.

A rotary engine that generates electricity using differences in relative humidity. A water-responsive material expands and contracts as water evaporates which drives the rotation of two wheels. The rotary motion drives an electrical generator which produces electricity. In another embodiment, the water-responsive material is used to actuate an artificial muscle of a robotic device.

Provided herein is technology relating to anticoagulant therapies and particularly, but not exclusively, to anticoagulant compositions for localized and targeted administration and related methods and kits for treatment of a subject with a localized and targeted anticoagulant therapy.